Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Aging01:26

Aging

56
Aging is a complex biological phenomenon influenced by various processes that affect cellular and systemic functions. Several prominent theories attempt to explain its mechanisms, highlighting cellular limitations, oxidative damage, and hormonal changes as central factors in aging.
Cellular Clock Theory
The cellular clock theory posits that the human lifespan is closely tied to the finite capacity of cells to divide, a phenomenon governed by telomeres, which are protective caps at the ends of...
56
Cell Specific Gene Expression01:58

Cell Specific Gene Expression

13.6K
Multicellular organisms contain a variety of structurally and functionally distinct cell types, but the DNA in all the cells originated from the same parent cells. The differences in the cells can be attributed to the differential gene expression. Liver cells, whose functions include detoxification of blood, production of bile to metabolize fats, and synthesis of proteins essential for metabolism, must express a specific set of genes to perform their functions. Gene expression also varies with...
13.6K
Cellular Differentiation00:57

Cellular Differentiation

2.7K
How does a complex organism such as a human develop from a single cell? It all starts from a single fertilized egg which gives rise to a vast array of cell types, such as nerve cells, muscle cells, and epithelial cells that characterize the adult? Throughout development and adulthood, cellular differentiation leads cells to assume their final morphology and physiology. Differentiation is the process by which unspecialized cells become specialized to carry out distinct functions.
A zygote is a...
2.7K
Molecular Factors Affecting Cell Division01:27

Molecular Factors Affecting Cell Division

3.1K
Several external and internal factors influence the initiation and inhibition of cell division. For instance, the death of nearby cells or the release of human growth hormone (hGH) promotes cell division. In contrast, lack of hGH or crowding of cells can inhibit cell division.
Several proteins function as internal regulators to ensure each cell cycle stage is completed faithfully before proceeding to the next. Regulator molecules may act directly or influence the activity or production of other...
3.1K
mRNA Stability and Gene Expression02:51

mRNA Stability and Gene Expression

5.6K
The structure and stability of mRNA molecules regulates gene expression, as mRNAs are a key step in the pathway from gene to protein. In eukaryotes, the half-life of mRNA varies from a few minutes up to several days. mRNA stability is essential in growth and development. The absence of the proteins regulating its stability, such as tristetraprolin in mice, can cause systemic issues, including bone marrow overgrowth, inflammation, and autoimmunity.
Cis-acting Elements involved in mRNA stability
5.6K
Mitochondria01:37

Mitochondria

13.4K
Mitochondria are eukaryotic cellular organelles that are known to produce energy through a process called oxidative phosphorylation. Besides their primary function, mitochondria are involved in various cellular processes, including cell growth, differentiation, signaling, metabolism, and senescence. Age-related changes cause a decline in mitochondrial quality and integrity due to increased mitochondrial mutations and oxidative damage. Thus, aging can severely impact mitochondrial functions,...
13.4K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

An interpretable machine learning framework for dog breed inference and ancestry decomposition.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology·2026
Same author

Mapping the canine gut microbiome: insights from the Dog Aging Project.

Nature communications·2026
Same author

Blood biomarkers and breed genetics of aging in pet dogs.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology·2026
Same author

Natural Genetic Variation Impacts Stress-Induced Quiescence and Regeneration in Response to Rapamycin.

Cells·2026
Same author

How and why does aging occur? Updating evolutionary theory to meet a new era of data.

Evolution, medicine, and public health·2026
Same author

Rapamycin Differentially Impacts Germline Stem Cell Quiescence Across Diverse Genetic Backgrounds of <i>Drosophila Melanogaster</i>.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 11, 2025

Determining Genome-wide Transcript Decay Rates in Proliferating and Quiescent Human Fibroblasts
07:03

Determining Genome-wide Transcript Decay Rates in Proliferating and Quiescent Human Fibroblasts

Published on: January 2, 2018

6.2K

Cellular age explains variation in age-related cell-to-cell transcriptome variability.

Ming Yang1, Benjamin R Harrison1, Daniel E L Promislow2,3

  • 1Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington 98195, USA.

Genome Research
|November 16, 2023
PubMed
Summary

Cellular turnover rates influence aging. Long-lived cells prioritize proteostasis, while short-lived cells focus on DNA repair, explaining differential transcriptome aging across cell types.

More Related Videos

A Suppressor Screen for the Characterization of Genetic Links Regulating Chronological Lifespan in Saccharomyces cerevisiae
10:39

A Suppressor Screen for the Characterization of Genetic Links Regulating Chronological Lifespan in Saccharomyces cerevisiae

Published on: September 17, 2020

6.3K
Combining Magnetic Sorting of Mother Cells and Fluctuation Tests to Analyze Genome Instability During Mitotic Cell Aging in Saccharomyces cerevisiae
11:08

Combining Magnetic Sorting of Mother Cells and Fluctuation Tests to Analyze Genome Instability During Mitotic Cell Aging in Saccharomyces cerevisiae

Published on: October 16, 2014

12.6K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 11, 2025

Determining Genome-wide Transcript Decay Rates in Proliferating and Quiescent Human Fibroblasts
07:03

Determining Genome-wide Transcript Decay Rates in Proliferating and Quiescent Human Fibroblasts

Published on: January 2, 2018

6.2K
A Suppressor Screen for the Characterization of Genetic Links Regulating Chronological Lifespan in Saccharomyces cerevisiae
10:39

A Suppressor Screen for the Characterization of Genetic Links Regulating Chronological Lifespan in Saccharomyces cerevisiae

Published on: September 17, 2020

6.3K
Combining Magnetic Sorting of Mother Cells and Fluctuation Tests to Analyze Genome Instability During Mitotic Cell Aging in Saccharomyces cerevisiae
11:08

Combining Magnetic Sorting of Mother Cells and Fluctuation Tests to Analyze Genome Instability During Mitotic Cell Aging in Saccharomyces cerevisiae

Published on: October 16, 2014

12.6K

Area of Science:

  • Gerontology
  • Cell Biology
  • Genomics

Background:

  • Organ and tissue aging rates vary within individuals.
  • This asynchrony is observed across anatomical, physiological, and molecular levels.
  • A framework is lacking to explain differential aging rates among biological components.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To test if cell-specific turnover rates explain differential transcriptome aging.
  • To develop a model for understanding cell-type-specific aging rates.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of mouse single-cell transcriptome data across diverse tissues and ages.
  • Investigating gene expression patterns related to proteostasis and DNA repair.
  • Developing a heuristic model based on observed data.

Main Results:

  • Cellular age significantly explains age-related transcriptome variance.
  • Long-lived cells show higher expression of proteostasis genes and greater evolutionary constraint.
  • Short-lived cells exhibit enrichment of DNA repair genes.

Conclusions:

  • Cellular demographic differences, specifically turnover rates, are key drivers of differential transcriptome aging.
  • The study proposes a novel model explaining cell-type-specific aging mechanisms.
  • Findings highlight distinct molecular strategies employed by long-lived versus short-lived cells.