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Related Concept Videos

Clinical Applications of Epidermal Stem Cells01:19

Clinical Applications of Epidermal Stem Cells

2.7K
Epidermal stem cells (EpiSCs) are mainly located at the basal layer of the epidermis. These cells repair minor injuries of the skin and replace dead skin cells. However, EpiSCs’ cannot heal severe wounds such as major burns or those from diabetes or hereditary disorders. In such cases, culturing the epidermal stem cells from the patient is possible and has yielded successful treatment options, such as laboratory-grown skin grafts. These grafts are synthesized using a patient’s own...
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Skin Diseases and Disorders01:23

Skin Diseases and Disorders

3.9K
Skin is the first line of defense and encounters a variety of microbes. Some pathogenic strains are often the cause of a broad range of infections of the skin and other body systems. These conditions can affect people of all ages and may have different causes, including genetic factors, infections, autoimmune reactions, environmental factors, and lifestyle choices.
Gram-positive Staphylococcus spp. and Streptococcus spp. are responsible for many of the most common skin infections. However, many...
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Skin Cancer01:30

Skin Cancer

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Skin cancer is a type of cancer that occurs when there is an abnormal growth of skin cells, usually triggered by damage to the DNA within the skin cells. It is primarily caused by exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation from the sun or artificial sources like tanning beds. Skin cancer is the most common type of cancer worldwide, and its incidence continues to rise.
Basal Cell Carcinoma (BCC): BCC is the most common type of skin cancer, accounting for about 80% of cases. It typically develops in...
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Overview of Regeneration and Repair01:19

Overview of Regeneration and Repair

4.0K
Regeneration and repair processes are critical in healing damages caused by injury, disease, and aging. In regeneration, the damaged tissue is entirely replaced with new growth that restores the original architecture and function. In contrast, tissue repair usually results in a fixed tissue architecture involving scar formation. Scars generally do not reestablish tissue function and may also exhibit structural abnormalities at the injury site.
Regeneration
All animals have varying degrees of...
4.0K
Phases of Wound Repair01:28

Phases of Wound Repair

6.0K
Following injury, the integrity of the injured tissues must be reestablished. For example, in skin tissue, wound repair involves coordination among resident skin cells, blood mononuclear cells, extracellular matrix, growth factors, and cytokines to complete the healing cascade.
Formation of Blood Clot
In case of deep injuries, trauma to blood vessels results in blood loss. In the meantime, phospholipids released from the ruptured endothelial cellular membrane are converted into arachidonic...
6.0K
Renewal of Skin Epidermal Stem Cells01:12

Renewal of Skin Epidermal Stem Cells

2.5K
The skin is divided into epidermis, dermis, and hypodermis, the skin's outermost, middle, and inner layers. The human epidermal layer regularly undergoes renewal, where old, dead cells are replaced by new cells. Epidermal stem cells or EpiSCs divide and differentiate to restore the lost cells. For the renewal process, some EpiSCs continuously self-renew. In contrast, few others differentiate into transit-amplifying cells, which later form prickle or spinous cells, followed by granular...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 11, 2025

Visualizing Scar Development Using SCAD Assay - An Ex-situ Skin Scarring Assay
07:40

Visualizing Scar Development Using SCAD Assay - An Ex-situ Skin Scarring Assay

Published on: April 28, 2022

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Scars.

Marc G Jeschke1, Fiona M Wood2,3, Esther Middelkoop4,5,6,7

  • 1Hamilton Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada. marc.jeschke@hhsc.ca.

Nature Reviews. Disease Primers
|November 16, 2023
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Abnormal scarring, such as keloid lesions and hypertrophic scars, affects millions worldwide. Current treatments are limited, necessitating innovative approaches to improve pathological scarring outcomes.

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Area of Science:

  • Dermatology
  • Wound Healing Research
  • Fibrosis Studies

Background:

  • Skin wound healing aims to restore epidermal and dermal integrity.
  • Abnormal scarring (keloids, hypertrophic scars) affects millions, causing pain, functional impairment, and appearance changes.
  • Underlying mechanisms of pathological scarring involve chronic inflammation and fibrotic phenotypes with excess collagen deposition.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To highlight the significant unmet need in managing pathological scarring.
  • To emphasize the limitations of current therapeutic strategies for abnormal scars.
  • To advocate for the development of standardized and innovative approaches in scar management.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on wound healing and scar formation.
  • Analysis of proposed mechanisms contributing to abnormal scarring, including inflammation and extracellular matrix changes.
  • Assessment of the impact of pathological scarring on patient quality of life.

Main Results:

  • Pathological scarring results from perpetuated inflammation and fibrotic processes in susceptible individuals.
  • Excess disordered collagen deposition characterizes established scar lesions.
  • Current therapeutic interventions for abnormal scarring have shown limited success.

Conclusions:

  • Significant advancements in treating pathological scarring are critically needed.
  • Standardized and innovative approaches are required to improve patient outcomes for abnormal scars.
  • Further research into the mechanisms of scar formation is essential for developing effective treatments.