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Related Concept Videos

Tracheostomy Decannulation01:21

Tracheostomy Decannulation

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Tracheostomy decannulation is a significant milestone in the liberation of mechanically ventilated patients. Despite its importance, there is no universally accepted protocol for this procedure. This demands an evidence-based, individualized approach.
Description of the Procedure
Decannulation refers to the permanent removal of the tracheostomy tube, signaling the resolution of the condition that initially necessitated the tracheostomy. The process requires a well-coordinated interplay between...
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Tracheostomy Care I: Pre-procedural Steps01:16

Tracheostomy Care I: Pre-procedural Steps

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A tracheostomy is a surgical technique that involves making an incision in the neck to provide access to the trachea. It is frequently used in medical conditions such as airway obstruction and prolonged mechanical ventilation. Effective nursing management is crucial for the long-term success of a tracheostomy.
Required Equipment
The equipment necessary for tracheostomy care includes:
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 11, 2025

Seeding and Implantation of a Biosynthetic Tissue-engineered Tracheal Graft in a Mouse Model
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Case Report: Human Tracheal Transplantation Undergoes Progressive Reepithelialization Over Time.

Benjamin M Laitman1, Pamela Cruz-Encarnacion1, Ronald E Gordon2

  • 1Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, U.S.A.

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|November 17, 2023
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The first human tracheal transplant showed initial epithelial loss but regained normal respiratory lining over time. Different healing patterns were observed at the anastomosis versus the midgraft.

Keywords:
airwayallograftstenosistracheatransplant

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Area of Science:

  • Regenerative Medicine
  • Transplantation Biology
  • Histopathology

Background:

  • Tracheal transplantation offers a solution for long-segment tracheal defects.
  • Vascularized single-staged tracheal transplantation was successfully performed.
  • The role of ciliated epithelium in mucociliary clearance is crucial for tracheal function.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To examine the histological changes in the first single-staged human tracheal transplant.
  • To assess the reepithelialization process and epithelial recovery post-transplantation.

Main Methods:

  • Serial endoscopic biopsies of the tracheal mucosa were collected post-transplantation.
  • Histological analysis included hematoxylin and eosin staining, electron microscopy, and immunohistochemistry.

Main Results:

  • Initial loss of ciliated and seromucinous cells observed one week post-transplant.
  • Epithelial recovery began by two weeks, with variations between anastomosis and midgraft sites.
  • Squamous metaplasia noted in the midgraft, while anastomosis showed epithelial proliferation with early ciliated cells.
  • Normal ciliated epithelium and mucous cells reappeared over time without chronic inflammation.

Conclusions:

  • The tracheal allograft successfully regenerated normal respiratory epithelium after ischemic injury.
  • Distinct reepithelialization mechanisms may exist at the anastomosis (recipient cell migration) and midgraft (donor cell proliferation).
  • Understanding these mechanisms is vital for optimizing tracheal transplant outcomes.