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An Experimental Investigation of Hazard Statement Compliance in Procedures Using Eye Tracking Technology: Should Task

Joseph W Hendricks1, S Camille Peres2

  • 1Next Generation Advanced Procedures, College Station, TX, USA.

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Hazard statement (HS) design impacts attention maintenance (AM), but does not mediate compliance. HS communication in procedures may require different designs than consumer products for effective safety communication.

Keywords:
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Area of Science:

  • Human-computer interaction
  • Cognitive psychology
  • Risk communication

Background:

  • Empirical studies show counter-intuitive findings for hazard statement (HS) designs in procedures, with common designs linked to lower compliance.
  • Visually distinct design elements, effective for consumer products, may not translate to improved HS compliance in procedural contexts.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate if differences in HS compliance based on design elements are mediated by attention maintenance (AM).
  • To determine if participants attend differently to HSs based on the presence or absence of consumer-style design elements.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized eye-tracking technology to measure gaze and fixation duration for assessing AM.
  • Employed a fully-crossed design with 33 participants completing tasks involving four procedures with embedded HSs.

Main Results:

  • Significant differences in AM were observed between the two HS designs.
  • HSs with consumer-style design elements showed lower fixation durations and were associated with reduced compliance.
  • Attention maintenance (AM) did not mediate the relationship between HS design and compliance.

Conclusions:

  • HS design influences individuals at the attention maintenance stage, as per the C-HIP model.
  • The lack of mediation by AM suggests other factors within the C-HIP model more directly influence HS design-compliance effects.
  • Effective Health, Environment, and Safety (HES) communication in procedures may necessitate distinct design strategies compared to consumer products, highlighting task-dependent design efficacy.