Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Viruses of Archaea01:29

Viruses of Archaea

12
Archaeal viruses play a crucial role in the ecosystems of extremophilic archaea, particularly those belonging to the phyla Euryarchaeota and Crenarchaeota. By shaping host evolution and facilitating gene transfer, these viruses influence microbial communities and contribute to genetic diversity in extreme environments. The archaea they infect thrive in acidic hot springs and hydrothermal vents characterized by high temperatures and low pH. Archaeal viruses exhibit remarkable structural...
12
Symbiosis00:58

Symbiosis

28.3K
Symbiotic relationships are long-term, close interactions between individuals of different species that affect the distribution and abundance of those species. When a relationship is beneficial to both species, this is called mutualism. When the relationship is beneficial to one species but neither beneficial nor harmful to the other species, this is called commensalism. When one organism is harmed to benefit another, the relationship is known as parasitism. These types of relationships often...
28.3K
Introduction to Virus01:28

Introduction to Virus

58
Viruses are unique biological entities that blur the boundary between living and non-living systems. Although they lack cellular structure and metabolic processes, they can exhibit characteristics of life when infecting a host. Their defining feature is a nucleic acid core, composed of either DNA or RNA, encapsulated within a protein coat called a capsid. This simple structure allows them to invade host cells and use their machinery for replication efficiently.Viral Structure and...
58
Epiphytes, Parasites, and Carnivores02:40

Epiphytes, Parasites, and Carnivores

13.0K
Plants often form mutualistic relationships with soil-dwelling fungi or bacteria to enhance their roots’ nutrient uptake ability. Root-colonizing fungi (e.g., mycorrhizae) increase a plant’s root surface area, which promotes nutrient absorption. While root-colonizing, nitrogen-fixing bacteria (e.g., rhizobia) convert atmospheric nitrogen (N2) into ammonia (NH3), making nitrogen available to plants for various biological functions. For example, nitrogen is essential for the...
13.0K
Lytic Cycle of Bacteriophages01:30

Lytic Cycle of Bacteriophages

70.8K
Bacteriophages, also known as phages, are specialized viruses that infect bacteria. A key characteristic of phages is their distinctive “head-tail” morphology. A phage begins the infection process (i.e., lytic cycle) by attaching to the outside of a bacterial cell. Attachment is accomplished via proteins in the phage tail that bind to specific receptor proteins on the outer surface of the bacterium. The tail injects the phage’s DNA genome into the bacterial cytoplasm. In the...
70.8K
Viral Structure00:56

Viral Structure

62.4K
Viruses are extraordinarily diverse in shape and size, but they all have several structural features in common. All viruses have a core that contains a DNA- or RNA-based genome. The core is surrounded by a protective coat of proteins called the capsid. The capsid is composed of subunits called capsomeres. The capsid and genome-containing core are together known as the nucleocapsid.
62.4K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Endosymbionts affect plant virus transmission by winged and wingless aphids.

ISME communications·2026
Same author

Beneficial rhizobacteria and virus infection modulate the soybean metabolome and influence the feeding preferences of the virus vector Epilachna varivestis.

The New phytologist·2026
Same author

Exploring the importance of aromatic plants' extrafloral volatiles for pollinator attraction.

The New phytologist·2025
Same author

Leaf-damaging behavior by queens is widespread among bumblebee species.

Communications biology·2025
Same author

The plant growth-promoting rhizobacterium <i>Azospirillum brasilense</i> reduces symptoms and aphid population growth on wheat plants infected with barley yellow dwarf virus.

Proceedings. Biological sciences·2025
Same author

Integration of attractive and defensive phytochemicals is unlikely to constrain chemical diversification in a perennial herb.

The New phytologist·2024

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 10, 2025

Testing the Physiological Barriers to Viral Transmission in Aphids Using Microinjection
06:01

Testing the Physiological Barriers to Viral Transmission in Aphids Using Microinjection

Published on: May 14, 2008

12.0K

Endosymbionts modulate virus effects on aphid-plant interactions.

Patricia Sanches1, Consuelo M De Moraes1, Mark C Mescher2

  • 1Department of Environmental Systems Science, ETH Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland.

The ISME Journal
|November 19, 2023
PubMed
Summary

The pea enation mosaic virus (PEMV) impacts plant-aphid interactions, but this effect is altered by aphid endosymbionts. Specific endosymbionts amplify virus transmission, highlighting microbial interactions in disease ecology.

More Related Videos

Protocols for Investigating the Host-tissue Distribution, Transmission-mode, and Effect on the Host Fitness of a Densovirus in the Cotton Bollworm
11:12

Protocols for Investigating the Host-tissue Distribution, Transmission-mode, and Effect on the Host Fitness of a Densovirus in the Cotton Bollworm

Published on: April 12, 2017

8.5K
Maintaining Biological Cultures and Measuring Gene Expression in Aphis nerii: A Non-model System for Plant-insect Interactions
07:20

Maintaining Biological Cultures and Measuring Gene Expression in Aphis nerii: A Non-model System for Plant-insect Interactions

Published on: August 31, 2018

7.6K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 10, 2025

Testing the Physiological Barriers to Viral Transmission in Aphids Using Microinjection
06:01

Testing the Physiological Barriers to Viral Transmission in Aphids Using Microinjection

Published on: May 14, 2008

12.0K
Protocols for Investigating the Host-tissue Distribution, Transmission-mode, and Effect on the Host Fitness of a Densovirus in the Cotton Bollworm
11:12

Protocols for Investigating the Host-tissue Distribution, Transmission-mode, and Effect on the Host Fitness of a Densovirus in the Cotton Bollworm

Published on: April 12, 2017

8.5K
Maintaining Biological Cultures and Measuring Gene Expression in Aphis nerii: A Non-model System for Plant-insect Interactions
07:20

Maintaining Biological Cultures and Measuring Gene Expression in Aphis nerii: A Non-model System for Plant-insect Interactions

Published on: August 31, 2018

7.6K

Area of Science:

  • Plant pathology
  • Insect microbiology
  • Ecology

Background:

  • Vector-borne pathogens often alter host and vector traits to enhance disease transmission.
  • The influence of microbial symbionts on these pathogen-induced modifications is not well understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate how aphid endosymbionts modulate the effects of pea enation mosaic virus (PEMV) on plant-aphid interactions.
  • To understand the role of microbial communities in disease transmission dynamics.

Main Methods:

  • Laboratory assays were conducted using different aphid lines harboring various endosymbionts.
  • Interactions between PEMV-infected plants and aphid vectors were analyzed.
  • Aphid metabolomics, population growth, behavior, and virus transmission efficiency were measured.

Main Results:

  • Significant interactive effects of PEMV infection and aphid endosymbionts were observed on aphid metabolomic profiles, population growth, and behavior.
  • Endosymbionts influenced the efficiency of virus transmission during aphid feeding.
  • The most pronounced effects, favoring virus transmission, were seen in aphid lines with specific endosymbionts.

Conclusions:

  • Virus effects on host-vector interactions are significantly influenced by the presence of other microbial symbionts.
  • Aphid endosymbionts play a crucial role in modulating pathogen transmission.
  • These findings underscore the importance of considering multi-partner microbial interactions in disease ecology and evolution.