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Updated: Jun 23, 2026

Gene Expression Profiling of Infecting Microbes Using a Digital Bar-coding Platform
Published on: January 13, 2016
Pathogen quantitative efficacy of different spike-in internal controls and clinical application in central nervous
Zhangfan Fu1, Jingwen Ai1, Haocheng Zhang1
1Department of Infectious Diseases, National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Biosafety Emergency Response, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University , Shanghai, China.
Importance:
Metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS) has been used broadly for pathogens detection of infectious diseases. However, there is a lack of method for the absolute quantitation of pathogens by mNGS. We compared the quantitative efficiency of three mNGS internal controls (ICs) Thermus thermophilus, T1 phages, and artificial DNA sequence and developed the most applicable strategies for pathogen quantitation via mNGS in central nervous system infection. The IC application strategy we developed will enable mNGS analysis to assess the pathogen load simultaneously with the detection of pathogens, which should provide critical information for quick decision-making of treatment as well as clinical prognosis.
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