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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 18, 2026

Sampling, Sorting, and Characterizing Microplastics in Aquatic Environments with High Suspended Sediment Loads and Large Floating Debris
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Retention efficiency for microplastic in a landscape estimated from empirically validated dynamic model predictions.

Magnus Norling1, Rachel Hurley1, Theresa Schell2

  • 1Norwegian Institute for Water Research, NO-0349 Oslo, Norway.

Journal of Hazardous Materials
|November 20, 2023
PubMed
Summary

Terrestrial soils retain 20-50% of microplastics, delaying their ocean transport. This study models microplastic fate, highlighting the importance of hydrology in predicting land-to-sea pollution.

Keywords:
Fate and transportMicroplasticsModelRiverSoil

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Area of Science:

  • Environmental Science
  • Hydrology
  • Ecotoxicology

Background:

  • Soils receive microplastics, which can transfer to marine environments, yet land retention rates are poorly understood.
  • Land-based sources significantly contribute to ocean microplastic pollution, necessitating better input rate assessments.
  • Existing models often lack dynamic hydrological components crucial for microplastic fate analysis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To empirically evaluate a dynamic, landscape-level microplastic fate model.
  • To quantify microplastic retention efficiency in terrestrial environments.
  • To improve understanding of microplastic transport from land to sea.

Main Methods:

  • Development and application of a mechanistic model incorporating hydrology, erosion, and particle behavior.
  • Prediction of microplastic concentrations in river water and sediments.
  • Calculation of time-averaged landscape retention efficiency over a multiannual period.

Main Results:

  • Model predictions for microplastic concentrations in the Henares river were within measurement uncertainty (error factors <2 for water, <10 for sediment).
  • Microplastic export exhibited non-linear fluctuations with precipitation and runoff variability.
  • Calculated landscape retention efficiency ranged from 20-50% over a multiannual period.

Conclusions:

  • Dynamic hydrological descriptions are essential for accurate microplastic fate and transport modeling.
  • Terrestrial environments play a significant role in accumulating microplastics, thus delaying their entry into the sea.
  • Further research is needed to address uncertainties regarding microplastic sources within catchments.