Interfacial Engineering of MoS₂/V₂O₃@C-rGO Composites with Pseudocapacitance-Enhanced Li/Na-Ion Storage Kinetics

Molybdenum sulfide has been widely investigated as a prospective anode material for Li⁺/Na⁺ storage because of its unique layered structure and high theoretical capacity. However, the enormous volume variation and poor conductivity limit the development of molybdenum sulfide. The rational design of a heterogeneous interface is of great importance to improve the structure stability and electrical conductivity of electrode materials. Herein, a high-temperature mixing method is implemented in the hydrothermal process to synthesize the hybrid structure of MoS₂/V₂O₃@carbon-graphene (MoS₂/V₂O₃@C-rGO). The MoS₂/V₂O₃@C-rGO composites exhibit superior Li⁺/Na⁺ storage performance due to the construction of the interface between the MoS₂ and V₂O₃ components and the introduction of carbon materials, delivering a prominent reversible capacity of 564 mAh g^-1 at 1 A g^-1 after 600 cycles for lithium-ion batteries and 376.3 mAh g^-1 at 1 A g^-1 after 450 cycles for sodium-ion batteries. Theoretical calculations confirm that the construction of the interface between the MoS₂ and V₂O₃ components can accelerate the reaction kinetics and enhance the charge-ionic transport of molybdenum sulfide. The results illustrate that interfacial engineering may be an effective guide to obtain high-performance electrode materials for Li⁺/Na⁺ storage.