Microvesicle-eluting nano-engineered implants influence inflammatory response of keratinocytes

Area of Science:

• Biomaterials Science
• Immunology
• Regenerative Medicine

Background:

• Peri-implant inflammation is a critical factor in dental implant failure.
• Microvesicles (MVs) are extracellular vesicles involved in cell communication and immune modulation.
• The role of MVs in regulating implant site inflammation is currently unknown.

Purpose of the Study:

• To investigate the potential of microvesicles (MVs) to modulate peri-implant inflammation.
• To develop a novel implant surface modification strategy using MVs loaded into titania nanotubes (TNTs).

Main Methods:

• Microvesicles (MVs) were isolated from human primary gingival fibroblasts (hGFs).
• MVs were loaded into titania nanotubes (TNTs) fabricated on 3D Ti wire implants.
• SEM and confocal imaging confirmed MV loading and release.
• In vitro studies assessed MV internalization by keratinocytes and their effect on pro-inflammatory cytokine production.

Main Results:

• Successful loading and local release of hGFs-MVs from TNTs were confirmed.
• Human gingival keratinocytes internalized the MVs.
• A significant reduction in pro-inflammatory cytokine production was observed after MV internalization.

Conclusions:

• MVs-releasing TNTs represent a promising strategy for reducing implant site inflammation.
• This approach could enhance dental implant integration and reduce failure rates.
• Further research into therapeutic dental implants utilizing MVs is warranted.