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Philipp Klar1,2, Yasir Çatal3, Stuart Fogel4

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Intrinsic neuronal timescales (INT) remain responsive to stimuli even during sleep. This study shows INT shorten during auditory stimulation in sleep, demonstrating preserved reactivity in unconscious states.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Cognitive Science
  • Brain Imaging

Background:

  • Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) shows external stimuli modulate intrinsic neuronal timescales (INT) during consciousness.
  • It is unknown if INT maintain stimulus-induced modulation during unconscious states like sleep.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate whether intrinsic neuronal timescales (INT) retain stimulus-induced modulation capabilities during sleep.
  • To analyze changes in INT during resting and stimulated states of sleep using fMRI.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of fMRI data from awake resting-state, sleep resting-state (N2), and sleep stimulus-state.
  • Measurement of INT via temporal autocorrelation and supported by median frequency (MF) in the frequency domain.
  • Replication of findings using a biophysical model simulating neuronal populations during sleep and awake states.

Main Results:

  • INT prolonged and median frequency (MF) decreased from awake to N2 sleep resting-state.
  • INT shortened and MF increased during auditory stimulus presentation in sleep.
  • Biophysical model confirmed prolonged INT in simulated slow-wave sleep and shortened INT under simulated auditory stimulation.

Conclusions:

  • Intrinsic neuronal timescales (INT) preserve their reactivity to external stimuli even in unconscious states like sleep.
  • These findings enhance the understanding of brain dynamics and stimulus processing during unconsciousness.