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Analysis of Combinatorial miRNA Treatments to Regulate Cell Cycle and Angiogenesis
Published on: March 30, 2019
Recent advances on high-efficiency of microRNAs in different types of lung cancer: a comprehensive review
Mohammad Saleh Sadeghi1, Mohadeseh Lotfi2, Narges Soltani3
1Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Abstract:
Carcinoma of the lung is among the most common types of cancer globally. Concerning its histology, it is categorized as a non-small cell carcinoma (NSCLC) and a small cell cancer (SCLC) subtype. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a member of non-coding RNA whose nucleotides range from 19 to 25. They are known to be critical regulators of cancer via epigenetic control of oncogenes expression and by regulating tumor suppressor genes. miRNAs have an essential function in a tumorous microenvironment via modulating cancer cell growth, metastasis, angiogenesis, metabolism, and apoptosis. Moreover, a wide range of information produced via several investigations indicates their tumor-suppressing, oncogenic, diagnostic assessment, and predictive marker functions in different types of lung malignancy. miRNA mimics or anti-miRNAs can be transferred into a lung cancer cell, with possible curative implications. As a result, miRNAs hold promise as targets for lung cancer treatment and detection. In this study, we investigate the different functions of various miRNAs in different types of lung malignancy, which have been achieved in recent years that show the lung cancer-associated regulation of miRNAs expression, concerning their function in lung cancer beginning, development, and resistance to chemotherapy, also the probability to utilize miRNAs as predictive biomarkers for therapy reaction.
Insights
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are key regulators in lung cancer, influencing tumor growth and metastasis. These non-coding RNAs show promise for novel lung cancer diagnostics and treatments.
Area of Science:
- Oncology
- Molecular Biology
- Genetics
Background:
- Lung carcinoma is a leading global cancer, with subtypes including non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and small cell lung cancer (SCLC).
- MicroRNAs (miRNAs), small non-coding RNAs, are crucial regulators in cancer development and progression.
- miRNAs play significant roles in the tumor microenvironment, affecting cancer cell proliferation, metastasis, angiogenesis, metabolism, and apoptosis.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the diverse functions of various miRNAs in different types of lung malignancy.
- To explore the recent advancements in understanding miRNA expression regulation in lung cancer.
- To evaluate the potential of miRNAs as predictive biomarkers for therapeutic response in lung cancer.
Main Methods:
- Review of recent scientific literature on miRNA functions in lung cancer.
- Analysis of miRNA involvement in lung cancer initiation, development, and chemotherapy resistance.
- Examination of miRNA roles in the tumor microenvironment and their potential as diagnostic and predictive markers.
Main Results:
- miRNAs are implicated in epigenetic control of oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes in lung cancer.
- Evidence suggests miRNAs function as tumor suppressors or oncogenes in lung malignancies.
- miRNA-based therapeutics (mimics or anti-miRNAs) show potential for lung cancer treatment.
Conclusions:
- miRNAs are critical regulators in lung cancer, impacting various stages of tumorigenesis.
- miRNAs hold significant promise as diagnostic and predictive biomarkers for lung cancer.
- Targeting miRNAs offers a promising avenue for developing novel lung cancer therapies.
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