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Aging

Aging

Aging is a complex biological phenomenon influenced by various processes that affect cellular and systemic functions. Several prominent theories attempt to explain its mechanisms, highlighting cellular limitations, oxidative damage, and hormonal changes as central factors in aging.
Cellular Clock Theory
The cellular clock theory posits that the human lifespan is closely tied to the finite capacity of cells to divide, a phenomenon governed by telomeres, which are protective caps at the ends of...

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Updated: Jul 10, 2025

Author Spotlight: Exploring Sex-Specific Glial Signatures and Therapeutic Leads for Alzheimer's Disease

Author Spotlight: Exploring Sex-Specific Glial Signatures and Therapeutic Leads for Alzheimer's Disease

Published on: May 20, 2024

Single-cell transcriptomic and genomic changes in the aging human brain.

Ailsa M Jeffries¹, Tianxiong Yu², Jennifer S Ziegenfuss¹

¹Department of Molecular, Cell and Cancer Biology, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA.

Biorxiv : the Preprint Server for Biology

|November 21, 2023

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Human brain aging involves cellular changes, with declining DNA repair and essential gene expression. Neurodevelopmental genes are prominent in infants, while neuron-specific genes remain stable.

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Abbiategrasso Brain Bank Protocol for Collecting, Processing and Characterizing Aging Brains

Abbiategrasso Brain Bank Protocol for Collecting, Processing and Characterizing Aging Brains

Published on: June 3, 2020

Area of Science:

Neuroscience
Genomics
Cell Biology

Background:

Aging leads to cellular damage and dysregulation across tissues.
Understanding transcriptomic and genomic changes in the aging human brain is crucial.

Approach:

Utilized single-nucleus RNA-sequencing and single-cell whole-genome sequencing.
Analyzed the prefrontal cortex across the human lifespan, from infancy to centenarian.

Key Points:

Identified infant-specific cell clusters with high neurodevelopmental gene expression.
Observed a common downregulation of essential homeostatic genes (ribosomes, transport, metabolism) with age.
Detected decreased DNA repair gene expression and increased somatic mutations in aging brains.
Found gene-length-specific somatic mutation rates influencing the aged brain's transcriptomic landscape.

Conclusions:

Elucidates critical aspects of human brain aging at the transcriptomic and genomic levels.
Highlights the dynamic interplay between genetic and expression changes throughout life.