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Dysregulation of Non-Coding RNAs: Roles of miRNAs and lncRNAs in the Pathogenesis of Multiple Myeloma

Nor Hayati Ismail1, Ali Mussa1,2,3, Mutaz Jamal Al-Khreisat1

  • 1Department of Haematology, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian 16150, Kelantan, Malaysia.

Non-Coding RNA
|November 21, 2023
PubMed

Insights

Dysregulation of non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), including microRNAs (miRNAs) and long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), drives multiple myeloma (MM) progression. Understanding these ncRNA alterations offers new therapeutic strategies for MM treatment.

Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Oncology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), such as microRNAs (miRNAs) and long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), play critical roles in cellular functions.
  • Dysregulation of ncRNAs is increasingly recognized as a hallmark of various cancers, including multiple myeloma (MM).
  • miRNAs regulate gene expression post-transcriptionally, acting as oncogenes or tumor suppressors, while lncRNAs influence gene expression and chromatin remodeling.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the dysregulation of miRNAs and lncRNAs in multiple myeloma.
  • To highlight the impact of these ncRNA alterations on MM development and progression.
  • To explore the potential of targeting ncRNAs for novel MM therapeutic strategies.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies investigating ncRNA expression and function in multiple myeloma.
  • Analysis of the roles of miRNAs and lncRNAs in MM pathogenesis, including cell growth, apoptosis, and drug resistance.
  • Synthesis of current knowledge on ncRNA-mediated molecular pathways in MM.

Main Results:

  • Aberrant expression of miRNAs and lncRNAs is a common feature in MM, contributing to uncontrolled cell proliferation and survival.
  • Dysregulated miRNAs can either promote or suppress tumor development by targeting specific genes involved in MM.
  • Altered lncRNAs influence gene expression patterns that support MM growth and cellular viability.

Conclusions:

  • ncRNA dysregulation is a significant driver of multiple myeloma.
  • Targeting specific miRNAs and lncRNAs presents a promising avenue for developing innovative MM therapies.
  • Further research into ncRNA mechanisms could unlock new treatment modalities for MM patients.
Keywords:
dysregulationlong non-coding RNAsmicroRNAsmultiple myelomanon-coding RNAspathogenesis

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