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Academic skills in children with cerebral palsy and specific learning disorders

Serena Micheletti1, Jessica Galli1,2, Marika Vezzoli3

  • 1Unit of Child Neurology and Psychiatry, ASST Spedali Civili of Brescia, Brescia, Italy.

Developmental Medicine and Child Neurology
|November 22, 2023
PubMed

Insights

Learning disorders are common in children with cerebral palsy (CP), presenting unique profiles compared to specific learning disorders (SLDs). Working memory deficits are a key feature in CP-related learning difficulties.

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Developmental Pediatrics
  • Educational Psychology

Background:

  • Cerebral palsy (CP) often co-occurs with neurodevelopmental challenges.
  • Specific learning disorders (SLDs) affect academic skill acquisition.
  • Understanding the distinct learning profiles in CP is crucial for targeted interventions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the prevalence and clinical features of reading, writing, and mathematics disorders in children with CP.
  • To differentiate the learning profiles of children with CP from those with SLDs.
  • To explore the influence of IQ, neuropsychological factors, and visual impairment.

Main Methods:

  • A prospective cross-sectional study involving 42 children with CP and 60 with SLDs.
  • Comprehensive assessments included cognitive, neuropsychological, and visual functions.
  • A random forest machine learning algorithm was employed for diagnostic analysis.

Main Results:

  • Approximately 59% of children with CP exhibited reading, writing, or mathematics disorders.
  • Children with CP showed low performance IQ and working memory difficulties, unlike SLD groups.
  • Phonological awareness was normal in CP with learning disorders but impaired in SLDs.

Conclusions:

  • Learning disorders in CP have distinct clinical characteristics compared to SLDs.
  • Academic skill assessment is essential in children with CP, irrespective of IQ.
  • Working memory impairment is a significant indicator of learning disorders in CP.
Abstract

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