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One-year follow-up of children hospitalized with COVID-19: a prospective cohort study

Caroline Jacoby Schmidt1, Giovana Morin Casassola2, Guilherme Hoff Affeldt1

  • 1. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Pneumológicas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul - UFRGS - Porto Alegre (RS) Brasil.

Jornal Brasileiro De Pneumologia : Publicacao Oficial Da Sociedade Brasileira De Pneumologia E Tisilogia
|November 22, 2023
PubMed

Insights

Pediatric COVID-19 survivors often have comorbidities. Younger children with longer hospital stays face higher readmission risks, while cancer and impaired function increase mortality risk within a year.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Infectious Diseases
  • Clinical Outcomes Research

Background:

  • Limited data exists on the long-term health consequences of COVID-19 in children.
  • Understanding these outcomes is crucial for pediatric healthcare management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the one-year clinical outcomes of pediatric patients hospitalized with COVID-19.
  • To identify risk factors associated with severe outcomes in this population.

Main Methods:

  • Prospective cohort study of unvaccinated children and adolescents diagnosed with COVID-19.
  • Data collected from electronic medical records for one year post-diagnosis.
  • Analysis included demographic, clinical, and outcome data.

Main Results:

  • 66 children (median age 2.9 years, 63.6% male) were included; 48.5% were under 2 years.
  • Over 70% had pre-existing comorbidities.
  • During follow-up: 59.1% ER visits, 50% readmissions, 15.2% mortality.
  • Younger age and longer hospital stay correlated with readmission risk.
  • Cancer and impaired functionality were linked to increased mortality risk.

Conclusions:

  • Most hospitalized pediatric COVID-19 patients have comorbidities.
  • Younger children and those with longer hospital stays are at higher risk for readmission.
  • Cancer and impaired functionality are significant risk factors for one-year mortality post-COVID-19 diagnosis.
Abstract

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