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Changes in lung function in adolescents with substance use disorders: an exploratory study
Daniela Benvenutti Kaiber1, João Henrique Chrusciel1, Maiara Martins1
1. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Pediatria e Saúde da Criança, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul - PUCRS - Porto Alegre (RS) Brasil.
Summary
Adolescents with substance use disorder (SUD) show significantly impaired lung function, including reduced FVC and FEV1. Early intervention is crucial for preserving adolescent lung health.
Area of Science:
- Pulmonology
- Adolescent Medicine
- Addiction Psychiatry
Background:
- Substance Use Disorder (SUD) is a significant health concern in adolescents.
- The impact of SUD on adolescent lung function is not well-established.
- Early detection of pulmonary consequences is vital for long-term health outcomes.
Purpose of the Study:
- To compare lung function in adolescents with and without SUD.
- To identify specific pulmonary function parameters affected by SUD in this age group.
Main Methods:
- Observational, cross-sectional exploratory study.
- 16 adolescents with SUD and 24 age-matched healthy controls.
- Pulmonary function tests and questionnaires were used for evaluation.
Main Results:
- Adolescents with SUD exhibited significantly lower FVC, FEV1, and their predicted values compared to controls.
- These differences persisted after adjusting for BMI and physical activity.
- Reduced FVC% showed the largest effect size (Cohen's d = 1.82), averaging 17.95% lower in the SUD group.
- Years of smoked substance use negatively correlated with FVC%.
Conclusions:
- This study highlights the early negative impact of smoked substance use on adolescent lung health.
- Findings underscore the importance of addressing pulmonary health in adolescents with SUD.
- This research provides novel insights into the respiratory consequences of SUD in young individuals.
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