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Prevalence and pattern of refractive errors among school-going children in district Baramulla, Kashmir: A cross

Sabreena Hassan1, Sahila Nabi2, Nazia Zahoor2

  • 1Department of Ophthalmology, Government Medical College, Baramulla, Jammu and Kashmir, India.

Indian Journal of Ophthalmology
|November 22, 2023
PubMed

Insights

This study found myopia to be the most common refractive error in Baramulla district school children. Early detection of vision problems is crucial for addressing childhood visual impairment.

Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Public Health
  • Pediatric Optometry

Background:

  • Uncorrected refractive error is a leading cause of global visual impairment.
  • Childhood vision impairment (VI) is a key focus of WHO's blindness prevention strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the prevalence and patterns of refractive errors in children aged 10–16 years in Baramulla district, Kashmir.
  • To provide baseline data for childhood vision health initiatives in the region.

Main Methods:

  • A cross-sectional study involving 680 school children (ages 10-16) in Baramulla district.
  • Screening conducted during an eye camp as part of the national blindness control program.
  • Non-probability convenient sampling used to select four schools.

Main Results:

  • Out of 680 students, 80% had normal vision, 14% had impaired visual acuity, and 6% had severe VI.
  • Myopia was the most prevalent refractive error, affecting 54 children.
  • Myopia peaked in the 13-14 age group, hypermetropia in the 14-15 group, and astigmatism also in the 14-15 group.

Conclusions:

  • The study offers essential baseline data on refractive errors among school children in Baramulla.
  • Further, larger-scale studies across the state are recommended to fully understand refractive errors and other eye conditions.
  • Early detection of vision problems in children is vital for effective intervention.
Abstract

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