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Do Flights Affect Hearing in Hot Air Balloon Pilots?

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Hot air balloon pilots experience hearing loss, particularly at low and high frequencies, due to occupational noise and altitude. Longer experience correlates with worse hearing thresholds and eustachian tube dysfunction.

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Area of Science:

  • Audiology
  • Occupational Health
  • Aerospace Medicine

Background:

  • Occupational hearing impairment is a significant concern in aviation.
  • Hot air balloon (HAB) pilots may be exposed to unique environmental factors like noise and altitude.
  • Understanding these effects is crucial for pilot health and safety.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the occupational hearing effects on hot air balloon (HAB) pilots.
  • To examine the relationship between the duration of piloting experience and hearing impairments.

Main Methods:

  • A cohort of 31 male HAB pilots and 32 male controls were recruited.
  • Audiological assessments included tympanometry, eustachian tube function (ETF) tests, pure-tone audiometry, and transient evoked otoacoustic emissions (TEOAE).

Main Results:

  • HAB pilots showed significantly worse pure-tone audiometry results at multiple frequencies in both ears compared to controls.
  • Eustachian tube function was significantly impaired bilaterally in HAB pilots.
  • Transient evoked otoacoustic emission results indicated poorer cochlear function in HAB pilots at specific frequencies.
  • Duration of experience positively correlated with hearing threshold deterioration and negatively with TEOAE results in the left ear.

Conclusions:

  • Noise and high altitude negatively impact HAB pilot hearing, affecting low and high frequencies.
  • Eustachian tube dysfunction is prevalent in HAB pilots.
  • Increased piloting experience is associated with diminished hearing capacity and eustachian tube function.