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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 10, 2025

Constructing a Collagen Hydrogel for the Delivery of Stem Cell-loaded Chitosan Microspheres
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A hemostatic sponge derived from chitosan and hydroxypropylmethylcellulose.

Chunyan Yu1, Yanju Lu2, Jinhui Pang3

  • 1State Key Laboratory Base of Eco-chemical Engineering, College of Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266042, China.

Journal of the Mechanical Behavior of Biomedical Materials
|November 22, 2023
PubMed
Summary

New chitosan and hydroxypropylmethylcellulose sponges offer improved flexibility and rapid hemostasis for bleeding control. These biocompatible composite sponges show significant potential as effective hemostatic materials in emergencies.

Keywords:
ChitosanHemostasisHydroxypropylmethylcellulosePhysical blendingSponge

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Area of Science:

  • Biomaterials Science
  • Materials Chemistry
  • Medical Devices

Background:

  • Hemostatic materials are crucial for controlling bleeding in trauma situations.
  • Pure chitosan sponges possess good biocompatibility but lack flexibility, hindering their hemostatic performance.
  • Developing advanced hemostatic agents is essential for improving patient outcomes in emergencies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a flexible and effective hemostatic composite sponge by combining chitosan (CS) and hydroxypropylmethylcellulose (HPMC).
  • To evaluate the hemostatic efficiency, biocompatibility, and mechanical properties of the novel CS/HPMC sponges.
  • To assess the potential of CS/HPMC as a rapid hemostatic material for hemorrhage control.

Main Methods:

  • A simple mixed-lyophilization strategy was employed to fabricate CS/HPMC composite sponges.
  • In vitro hemostatic ability was assessed by measuring the blood clotting index (BCI).
  • In vivo hemostatic performance was evaluated through clotting time and blood loss measurements.
  • Biocompatibility was confirmed using cytotoxicity, hemocompatibility, and skin irritation tests.

Main Results:

  • CS/HPMC sponges demonstrated a 74% increase in flexibility compared to pure CS sponges.
  • In vitro tests showed a 50% reduction in BCI, indicating rapid hemostatic ability.
  • In vivo assessments revealed a shortest clotting time of 40 seconds and minimal blood loss (166 mg).
  • Cytotoxicity, hemocompatibility, and skin irritation tests confirmed the good biocompatibility of CS/HPMC.

Conclusions:

  • The developed CS/HPMC composite sponges exhibit enhanced flexibility and superior hemostatic performance.
  • CS/HPMC effectively accelerates coagulation by inducing erythrocyte and platelet adhesion.
  • These findings highlight the significant potential of CS/HPMC as a safe and rapid hemostatic material for clinical applications.