Sandwich-type immunosensor based on aminated 3D-rGOF-NH₂ and CMK-3-Fc-MgAl-LDH multilayer nanocomposites for...

Cancer antigen 125 (CA125)¹ is the most important biological screening indicator used to monitor epithelial ovarian cancers, and it plays a vital role in distinguishing ovarian cancers from benign diseases. Biosensors show great potential in the analysis and detection of disease markers. In this study, we designed electrochemical sensors based on three-dimensional amino-functionalized reduced graphene oxide (3D-rGOF-NH₂),² MgAl layered double hydroxide nanocomposites containing ordered mesoporous carbon (CMK-3),³ and ferrocene carboxylic acids（Fc-COOH）⁴for the detection of CA125. 3D-rGOF-NH₂ possesses good conductivity, a large surface area, and high porosity, enabling more immobilized nanoparticles to be deposited on its surface with excellent stability. CMK-3@Fc@MgAl-LDH nanocomposite was used as a carrier to enhance the immobilization of antibodies and the loading of Fc, conductors to enhance conductivity, and enhancers to gradually amplify the signal of Fc. The surface morphology, elemental composition, and surface groups of the materials were characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM),⁵ transmission electron microscopy (TEM),⁶ and X-ray diffraction (XRD)⁷ techniques. The response signal of the electrochemical sensor was measured by DPV. Under the optimal conditions, the electrochemical sensor obtained a linear detection range of 0.01 U/mL-100 U/mL with a detection limit of 0.00417 U/mL.