Peripheral Bone Removal versus Sequential Drilling Protocol in Dental Implant Surgery: A 5-Year Retrospective Study

Area of Science:

• Dental Implantology
• Oral Surgery
• Biomaterials Science

Background:

• Dental implant success relies on achieving stable osseointegration.
• Drilling protocols are critical for preparing the implant site and influencing bone response.
• Peripheral bone removal (PBR) is a technique that differs from conventional sequential drilling.

Purpose of the Study:

• To compare the immediate success rates of peripheral bone removal (PBR) versus conventional sequential drilling protocols in dental implantology.
• To evaluate the early osseointegration success associated with each drilling technique.

Main Methods:

• Retrospective analysis of 130 Iraqi patients undergoing 198 dental implant procedures between January 2018 and February 2023.
• Data collected included implantation zone, implant type, sinus lift, bone augmentation, and implant dimensions.
• Statistical analysis using SPSS v.25, employing descriptive and inferential statistics, including the chi-squared test.

Main Results:

• Overall early osseointegration success exceeded 93% across all procedures.
• PBR protocol achieved an early success rate of 92.3% (96/104 cases).
• Conventional drilling protocol reported an early success rate of 94.7% (89/94 cases), with no statistically significant difference between protocols (p=0.575).

Conclusions:

• The peripheral bone removal (PBR) technique demonstrates reliability for immediate dental implant success.
• No significant difference in early osseointegration was observed between PBR and conventional drilling.
• Further longitudinal research is recommended to assess PBR's long-term efficacy and potential to replace sequential drilling.