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Related Concept Videos

Antigen Processing Pathways01:31

Antigen Processing Pathways

1.0K
MHC molecules are key players in the immune response, enabling T cells to recognize and respond to specific antigens. They are present on the surface of all nucleated cells in the body and are instrumental in presenting antigens to T cells and activating them. T cells recognize the MHC-antigen complex and initiate an immune response. MHC class I and MHC class II are two main types of MHC molecules, each associated with a distinct antigen processing pathway.
MHC Class I: Presenting Endogenous...
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Antigens Involved in Adaptive Immunity01:26

Antigens Involved in Adaptive Immunity

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An antigen is any substance the immune system identifies as foreign and potentially harmful to the body, prompting an immune response. Antigens have two functional properties: immunogenicity and reactivity. Immunogenicity is the ability of an antigen to stimulate a specific immune response. At the same time, reactivity describes the antigen's ability to react with the cells and antibodies produced in response to it.
Complete Antigens
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Antigen Presenting Cells01:22

Antigen Presenting Cells

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The immune system is a complex network of cells and molecules that protects the body from foreign invaders. T cells, a type of white blood cell, play a crucial role in this process. They recognize and attack foreign substances, such as pathogens, that enter the body.
T cells require the help of antigen-presenting cells (APCs), which process foreign antigens into smaller fragments that can be recognized by T cells. These APCs are highly specialized cells that efficiently internalize antigens...
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T Cell Activation and Clonal Selection01:22

T Cell Activation and Clonal Selection

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T cells are integral to our adaptive immune system, recognizing and effectively responding to foreign antigens. T cell activation and clonal selection are pivotal in orchestrating this immune response. This article elucidates these mechanisms, detailing the roles of cluster of differentiation (CD) markers, major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules, costimulatory signals, and the process of clonal selection.
Naive T cells that have not yet encountered an antigen express two primary CD...
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B Cell Activation and Differentiation01:24

B Cell Activation and Differentiation

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The adaptive immune response, a sophisticated defense mechanism, relies on the activation and differentiation of B lymphocytes, or B cells. These processes enable our bodies to mount a tailored response against specific pathogens such as bacteria, free virus particles, toxins, and parasites.
When naive B cells encounter a specific antigen that can bind to the B cell receptor (BCR) on their surface, they undergo sensitization to respond to the antigen's presence. Sensitization begins with...
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Updated: Jul 10, 2025

Purification of the Membrane Compartment for Endoplasmic Reticulum-associated Degradation of Exogenous Antigens in Cross-presentation
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MHC cross-dressing in antigen presentation.

Brendan W MacNabb1, Justin Kline2

  • 1Division of Biology and Biological Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, United States.

Advances in Immunology
|November 23, 2023
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

MHC cross-dressing allows antigen-presenting cells to display foreign MHC molecules, influencing T cell responses in transplantation and disease. Further research clarifies its role in immune regulation.

Keywords:
Antigen presentationMHC cross-dressing

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Cell Biology

Background:

  • Dendritic cells (DCs) are crucial for T cell responses, presenting antigens via Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC) molecules.
  • Professional antigen-presenting cells (APCs) can present exogenous antigens through cross-presentation and MHC-II pathways.
  • APCs can also acquire and display peptide/MHC (p/MHC) complexes from external sources, a process termed MHC cross-dressing.

Approach:

  • This review synthesizes recent findings on MHC cross-dressing.
  • It examines the implications of MHC cross-dressing in various contexts like transplantation, tumors, and viral infections.
  • The review discusses experimental strategies and challenges in studying MHC cross-dressing, including the use of allogeneic models and knockout mice.

Key Points:

  • MHC cross-dressing involves APCs displaying exogenous p/MHC complexes, impacting T cell activation.
  • This mechanism plays a role in immune responses during allogeneic transplantation, cancer, and viral infections.
  • Distinguishing acquired p/MHC from endogenous p/MHC has been a challenge, but new genetic models are improving research.

Conclusions:

  • MHC cross-dressing is an important, though not fully understood, mechanism of antigen presentation.
  • Understanding MHC cross-dressing is critical for deciphering T cell regulation in diverse physiological and pathological conditions.
  • Ongoing research, aided by advanced genetic tools, continues to elucidate the functional significance and mechanisms of MHC cross-dressing.