Moyamoya disease in an adolescent with subarachnoid hemorrhage: a case report

This study aims to present a case of Moyamoya disease (MMD) in an adolescent who experienced a subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). The purpose is to underscore the importance of considering MMD as a potential cause of SAH in adolescents, particularly in the absence of common causes such as trauma or aneurysmal rupture. The case further highlights the significance of early identification and appropriate management to prevent further complications and improve patient outcomes.

The diagnosis was initially based on findings from a CT angiography and later confirmed through magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).

The case study demonstrates the effectiveness of utilizing MRA and MRI in diagnosing MMD in adolescents. It emphasizes the challenges in areas with limited resources where advanced imaging techniques like digital subtraction angiography (DSA) may not be readily accessible or affordable. The gold standard for MMD diagnosis, DSA, is acknowledged, but the study underscores the importance of alternative imaging methods in resource-constrained settings.

In conclusion, this case underscores the importance of considering Moyamoya disease as a potential etiology for subarachnoid hemorrhage in adolescents, particularly when common causes are absent. The study highlights the crucial role of MRA and MRI in the diagnosis of MMD, emphasizing their significance in areas with limited resources. Early identification and appropriate management are essential for preventing complications and improving patient outcomes, acknowledging the challenges associated with the accessibility of gold standard diagnostic techniques in certain settings.