Response of the border zone to myocardial infarction in rats

The response of the surviving myocardium 30 days after coronary artery occlusion was measured morphometrically in the regions bordering and remote from infarcts of different sizes. Mean cell volume per nucleus increased with infarct size in both zones, but the rate of change was greater in the border than in the remote portion of the unaffected myocardium. Capillary numerical density within the uninjured tissue progressively decreased with infarct size leading to an increased diffusion distance for oxygen. Although the magnitude of changes in capillary density was similar in the two regions of the ventricle, the analysis of the individual values in each heart showed that in infarcts comprising more than 11% of the ventricular wall capillary concentration and the path length for oxygen supply to the myocytes were affected more in the border zone than in the myocardium remote from the scar. In conclusion, the border zone participates in the hypertrophic recovery process after infarction, but the inadequate growth of the capillary microvasculature suggests that this region is more susceptible to additional ischemic episodes.