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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 31, 2026

Induction and Assessment of Exertional Skeletal Muscle Damage in Humans

Induction and Assessment of Exertional Skeletal Muscle Damage in Humans

Published on: December 11, 2016

Exercise-Induced Muscle Damage after a High-Intensity Interval Exercise Session: Systematic Review.

Carine D F C Leite¹, Paulo V C Zovico¹, Roberta L Rica^1,2

¹Experimental Physiology and Biochemistry Laboratory, Physical Education and Sport Center, Federal University of Espírito Santo, Vitória 29075810, ES, Brazil.

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health

|November 24, 2023

Summary

High-intensity interval training (HIIT) can cause exercise-induced muscle damage, as evidenced by increased creatine kinase and myoglobin levels. This systematic review confirms HIIT

Keywords:

exercise high-intensity interval training muscle damage physical performance

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Last Updated: May 31, 2026

Induction and Assessment of Exertional Skeletal Muscle Damage in Humans

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Published on: December 11, 2016

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Impact of High-intensity Interval Exercise and Moderate-Intensity Continuous Exercise on the Cardiac Troponin T Level at an Early Stage of Training

Impact of High-intensity Interval Exercise and Moderate-Intensity Continuous Exercise on the Cardiac Troponin T Level at an Early Stage of Training

Published on: October 10, 2019

Area of Science:

Exercise Physiology
Sports Medicine
Biochemistry

Background:

High-intensity interval training (HIIT) is a popular fitness method, but its intense nature may cause exercise-induced muscle damage (EIMD).
Understanding the extent and markers of EIMD following a single HIIT session is crucial for optimizing training and recovery protocols.

Approach:

A systematic review was conducted using multiple databases (Medline/PubMed, Science Direct, Embase, Scielo, CINAHL, LILACS).
15 eligible studies with 315 participants (77.2% male) were analyzed, examining various HIIT protocols (running, CrossFit, cycling, swimming, Wingate tests).
Muscle damage was assessed using markers like creatine kinase (CK), myoglobin (Mb), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), AST, ALT, pain, and muscle circumference.

Key Points:

HIIT protocols effectively induced changes in EIMD markers.
Elevated levels of CK, Mb, and LDH were observed, particularly immediately and 24 hours post-exercise.
Subjective measures like pain and objective measures like muscle circumference also indicated muscle damage.

Conclusions:

A single session of HIIT can lead to exercise-induced muscle damage.
The identified markers provide valuable insights into the physiological response to HIIT.
Further research may explore optimal HIIT strategies to balance fitness benefits with muscle damage mitigation.