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Related Concept Videos

Purposive Learning01:22

Purposive Learning

121
E. C. Tolman emphasized the purposiveness of behavior — the idea that much of our behavior is goal-directed. For instance, employees who aim for a promotion work diligently to meet their targets. Tolman argued that when classical conditioning and operant conditioning occur, the organism acquires certain expectations. In classical conditioning, a child might fear a dog because they expect it to bite. In operant conditioning, a person might consistently work overtime because they expect a...
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Observational Learning01:12

Observational Learning

186
Albert Bandura's observational learning, also known as imitation or modeling, occurs when a person observes and imitates another's behavior. It is a quicker process than operant conditioning. A well-known example is the Bobo doll study, where children who saw an adult acting aggressively towards the doll were more likely to act aggressively when left alone, compared to those who observed a nonaggressive adult. Many psychologists view observational learning as a form of latent learning...
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Introduction to Learning01:18

Introduction to Learning

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Learning is the process of acquiring knowledge or skills through practice or experience, leading to long-lasting behavioral changes. This acquisition occurs through interaction with the environment and requires practice or experience. For instance, mastering a skill such as surfing requires considerable practice and experience, highlighting the essential role of repeated interactions with the environment in learning.
In contrast to learned behaviors, unlearned behaviors such as crying, sexual...
445
Avoidance Learning and Learned Helplessness01:14

Avoidance Learning and Learned Helplessness

1.7K
Avoidance learning and learned helplessness are critical concepts in understanding behavioral responses to negative stimuli.
Avoidance learning occurs when an organism learns that a specific behavior can prevent an unpleasant outcome. For example, a student who receives a bad grade may start studying harder to avoid future poor grades. This behavior persists even when the negative outcome is no longer present. Avoidance learning is powerful because it maintains behavior in the absence of the...
1.7K
Cognitive Learning01:21

Cognitive Learning

246
Cognitive learning is based on purposive behavior, incidental learning, and insight learning.
E. C. Tolman's theory of purposive behavior emphasizes that much behavior is goal-directed. He argued that to understand behavior, we must look at the entire sequence of actions leading to a goal. For instance, high school students study hard, not just due to past reinforcement but also to achieve the goal of getting into a good college.
Tolman introduced the idea that behavior is influenced by...
246
Associative Learning01:27

Associative Learning

407
Associative learning is a fundamental concept in behavioral psychology, wherein a connection is established between two stimuli or events, leading to a learned response. This process is critical in understanding how behaviors are acquired and modified. Conditioning, the mechanism through which associations are formed, can be divided into two main types: classical conditioning and operant conditioning, each elucidating different aspects of associative learning.
Classical conditioning, also known...
407

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Digital Health Literacy and Information-Seeking Behavior among University College Students during the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Cross-Sectional Study from Denmark.

International journal of environmental research and public health·2022
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Discovering the Learning Gradient of Students' Preferences for Learning Environment.

Carsten Kronborg Bak1, Simon Schulin1, Jeanne Krammer1

  • 1Department of Social Work, University College of Southern Denmark, 6700 Degnevej, Denmark.

Journal of Intelligence
|November 24, 2023
PubMed
Summary

Student self-regulation significantly impacts online learning outcomes. Students preferring online or hybrid models showed better results, while those preferring physical classrooms needed more support for self-regulation skills.

Keywords:
COVID-19 lockdowncluster analysislearning approacheslearning gradientmeta cognitiveonline teachingself-regulation

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Area of Science:

  • Education
  • Psychology

Background:

  • The COVID-19 pandemic necessitated a rapid shift to online learning environments for university students.
  • Understanding the factors influencing student success in online settings is crucial.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the effect of online learning self-regulation on academic performance.
  • To identify differences in self-regulation and learning outcomes among students with varying online learning preferences.

Main Methods:

  • Quantitative k-means cluster analysis was employed.
  • Students were categorized into three clusters based on their online learning preferences.

Main Results:

  • Online learning self-regulation positively correlated with learning outcomes.
  • A 'learning gradient' was observed: students preferring 100% online learning (Cluster 1) exhibited the highest self-regulation and outcomes, followed by moderate preference students (Cluster 2).
  • Students preferring physical classrooms (Cluster 3) showed the lowest self-regulation and outcomes.

Conclusions:

  • Student self-regulated learning strategies are vital for success in online education.
  • Students with a preference for online or hybrid learning benefited most from flexible online environments.
  • Cluster 3 students require additional educator support to develop self-regulation skills for online learning.