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Related Concept Videos

Aggregate Cement Ratio01:21

Aggregate Cement Ratio

The Aggregate Cement ratio refers to the weight of aggregate divided by the weight of cement in a concrete mix. Altering this ratio has profound effects on the concrete's properties. This ratio plays a pivotal role in determining the strength, workability, and durability of concrete. When the Aggregate Cement ratio is higher, the mix is leaner, meaning it has less cement paste to lubricate the aggregate, potentially making the concrete less workable. Such mixes, known as lean, enhance the...
Ferrocement01:30

Ferrocement

Ferro-cement is a distinctive construction material that represents an innovative variant of reinforced concrete, characterized by its unique composition and the method by which it is formed. Unlike standard reinforced concrete, which relies on larger steel bars for reinforcement, ferro-cement utilizes densely packed layers of mesh or fine rods, fully encased in cement mortar. This composition allows for the creation of structures that are significantly thinner and more flexible than their...
Preplaced Aggregate Concrete01:29

Preplaced Aggregate Concrete

Preplaced aggregate concrete is ideal for construction environments that are not easily accessible. The process begins by properly wetting the gap-graded coarse aggregates to remove the dirt, then placing it in the form and compacting it. Voids are filled with a mortar mix pumped under pressure through slotted pipes. This mortar typically consists of Portland cement, pozzolan, fine aggregates, water, and a fluidizing aid. The pozzolan helps reduce bleeding and segregation while improving the...
Superplasticizers01:30

Superplasticizers

Superplasticizers are advanced admixtures that enhance the workability of concrete by lowering the water content without compromising the strength of the material. These substances are highly effective water reducers, improving concrete flow, making it easier to work with, and enabling concrete to reach inaccessible areas or densely reinforced sections without mechanical vibration. The key components in superplasticizers are either sulfonated melamine or naphthalene formaldehyde condensates,...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 16, 2026

Printing Thermoresponsive Reverse Molds for the Creation of Patterned Two-component Hydrogels for 3D Cell Culture
10:49

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Biopolymers for Tissue Engineering: Crosslinking, Printing Techniques, and Applications.

David Patrocinio1, Victor Galván-Chacón1, J Carlos Gómez-Blanco1

  • 1CCMIJU, Bioengineering and Health Technologies, Jesus Usón Minimally Invasive Surgery Center, 10071 Cáceres, Spain.

Gels (Basel, Switzerland)
|November 24, 2023
PubMed
Summary

This study analyzes biopolymers for 3D bioprinting, focusing on natural proteins and polysaccharides. Challenges in rheology are addressed through modifications and crosslinking for improved biomimicry and printability in tissue engineering.

Keywords:
bioprinting techniquescrosslinkinghydrogelsnatural polymerstissue engineering

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Area of Science:

  • Biomaterials Science
  • Tissue Engineering
  • Biotechnology

Background:

  • 3D bioprinting aims to create complex, personalized hydrogel structures using bioinks.
  • Natural proteins and polysaccharides are favored bioink components due to biocompatibility, biodegradability, and biomimicry.
  • The rheological properties of natural bioinks present significant challenges for cell-laden bioprinting.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To comprehensively analyze biopolymer-based bioinks for 3D bioprinting.
  • To discuss modifications and stimuli-responsive properties of these bioinks.
  • To evaluate current challenges and strengths of biopolymers in bioprinting applications.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review and analysis of biopolymer-based bioinks.
  • Examination of chemical modifications and crosslinking strategies for bioinks.
  • Discussion of bioprinting techniques and their impact on hydrogel structures.

Main Results:

  • Natural biopolymers offer excellent biocompatibility, biodegradability, and biomimicry for tissue engineering.
  • Rheological challenges necessitate chemical modifications and crosslinking for successful bioprinting.
  • Stimuli-responsive properties are crucial for controlling bioink behavior during printing.

Conclusions:

  • Biopolymer hydrogels aim to mimic extracellular matrix properties for bioprinted constructs.
  • Printability and stability during the bioprinting process are key considerations.
  • Further research into bioink modifications is essential for advancing 3D bioprinting.