Complex Evaluation of Nanocomposite-Based Hydroxyapatite for Biomedical Applications

Area of Science:

• Biomaterials Science
• Materials Chemistry
• Nanotechnology

Background:

• Hydroxyapatite and chitosan are biocompatible materials with diverse applications.
• Magnesium doping can enhance the properties of hydroxyapatite.
• Developing novel composite materials is crucial for advanced biomedical applications.

Purpose of the Study:

• To synthesize and characterize a magnesium-doped hydroxyapatite in chitosan matrix (MgHApC) composite.
• To evaluate the antimicrobial efficacy of the MgHApC composite against various microbial strains.
• To assess the cytotoxicity of the MgHApC composite for potential biomedical use.

Main Methods:

• Coprecipitation technique for MgHApC synthesis.
• Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS) for particle characterization.
• Fourier-Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) for compositional analysis.
• In vitro antimicrobial assays and cytotoxicity tests using human cell lines.

Main Results:

• MgHApC particles were spherical with a diameter of 12.5 ± 2 nm (SEM) and 29.5 nm (DLS).
• FTIR confirmed the presence of both chitosan and hydroxyapatite.
• The MgHApC composite exhibited significant antimicrobial activity against *Escherichia coli*, *Staphylococcus aureus*, *Pseudomonas aeruginosa*, and *Candida albicans*.
• Antimicrobial efficacy was dependent on incubation time, and the material showed low cytotoxicity.

Conclusions:

• The synthesized MgHApC composite possesses excellent antimicrobial properties.
• The material demonstrates good biocompatibility with low cytotoxicity.
• MgHApC shows great potential for future applications in biomedical fields like dentistry and orthopedics.