The Polyketides with Antimicrobial Activities from a Mangrove Endophytic Fungus Trichoderma lentiforme ML-P8-2

Five new polyketides, including two chromones (1-2), two phenyl derivatives (4-5), and a tandyukusin derivative (6), along with five known polyketides (3 and 7-10) were isolated from mangrove endophytic fungus Trichoderma lentiforme ML-P8-2. The planar structures of compounds were elucidated via detailed 1D, 2D NMR, and HR-ESI-MS analysis. ECD spectra, optical rotation values calculation, and alkali hydrolysis were applied in the determination of the absolute configuration of the new compounds. In bioassays, 6 and 9 exhibited promising antifungal activities against Penicillium italicum, with an MIC value of 6.25 μM for both compounds. Moreover, 3 displayed moderate AChE inhibitory activity with an IC₅₀ value of 20.6 ± 0.3 μM.