Periodized Aerobic Training between Thresholds Improves Submaximal Cardiorespiratory Parameters in Octogenarians

Area of Science:

• Gerontology
• Exercise Physiology
• Cardiorespiratory Fitness

Background:

• The global population is aging, with increasing numbers of individuals reaching their 80s.
• Age-related physiological decline and sedentary lifestyles reduce functional independence.
• Physical activity is essential for maintaining independence in older adults.

Purpose of the Study:

• To evaluate the effects of a periodized high-intensity aerobic training program (PEZO-BT) on octogenarians.
• To assess changes in submaximal ergospirometry parameters following the training intervention.

Main Methods:

• 48 non-frail octogenarians were randomized into control and intervention groups.
• Submaximal cardiopulmonary exercise testing with gas analysis was performed at baseline and post-intervention.
• The intervention group underwent a 14-week PEZO-BT program.

Main Results:

• Significant improvements were observed in oxygen consumption at the first ventilatory threshold (VO2AT), ventilatory efficiency slope (VE/VCO2), oxygen pulse change (ΔVO2/HR), and power output at anaerobic threshold (POAT).
• While oxygen uptake efficiency slope (OUES) and cardiorespiratory optimal point (COP) did not show significant changes, clinical benefits were noted.
• The training program led to enhanced exercise capacity and workload.

Conclusions:

• Periodic aerobic and high-intensity interval training (HIIT) significantly improves cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) in previously untrained octogenarians.
• This training approach can benefit octogenarians with and without comorbidities.
• The findings support the use of structured exercise programs for promoting healthy aging.