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Strong negative triangularity (NT) plasma shaping effectively suppresses edge-localized mode (ELM) instabilities in fusion devices. This finding supports NT

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Area of Science:

  • Fusion Energy Research
  • Plasma Physics
  • Tokamak Operations

Background:

  • Edge-localized modes (ELMs) are transient instabilities in tokamak plasmas that can damage reactor walls.
  • Controlling ELMs is crucial for sustained fusion energy production.
  • Plasma shaping, particularly negative triangularity (NT), is explored as a method for ELM suppression.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the effectiveness of strong negative triangularity (NT) shaping in suppressing edge-localized mode (ELM) activity.
  • To determine the range of plasma conditions under which NT robustly suppresses ELMs.
  • To assess the implications of NT for future fusion reactor designs.

Main Methods:

  • Conducted high-performance diverted discharges on the DIII-D tokamak.
  • Systematically varied plasma parameters including line-averaged density, auxiliary heating power, and toroidal magnetic field.
  • Analyzed edge plasma profiles and stability limits.

Main Results:

  • Strong NT shaping robustly suppressed all observed ELM activity across a wide range of plasma conditions.
  • Experimental pressure profiles remained at or below the infinite-n ballooning stability limit, consistent with theory.
  • Edge pressure gradients in NT plasmas approached H-mode levels, exceeding those in typical L-mode plasmas.

Conclusions:

  • Negative triangularity plasma shaping is a viable strategy for robust ELM suppression in fusion devices.
  • The observed stability is attributed to magnetic shear in the NT edge inhibiting access to ELMing H-mode regimes.
  • NT configurations show promise for future fusion reactor designs due to improved edge plasma confinement and stability.