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Updated: Jun 23, 2026

Microwave Photonics Systems Based on Whispering-gallery-mode Resonators

Microwave Photonics Systems Based on Whispering-gallery-mode Resonators

Published on: August 5, 2013

Synchronous micromechanically resonant programmable photonic circuits.

Mark Dong^1,2, Julia M Boyle³, Kevin J Palm³

¹The MITRE Corporation, 202 Burlington Road, Bedford, MA, 01730, USA. mdong@mitre.org.

Nature Communications

|November 24, 2023

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

This study introduces a novel micromechanical resonant design for programmable photonic integrated circuits (PICs). The new architecture enhances modulation response and enables high-speed, low-voltage operation for advanced optical applications.

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Last Updated: Jun 23, 2026

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Area of Science:

Photonics
Microelectromechanical Systems (MEMS)
Optical Engineering

Background:

Programmable photonic integrated circuits (PICs) are crucial for quantum information processing, optical ranging, and AI.
Existing low-power PICs face limitations in modulation bandwidth and high operating voltages due to micromechanical structures.
Mechanical resonances and driving methods (capacitive/piezoelectric) impact PIC performance.

Purpose of the Study:

To introduce a synchronous, micromechanically resonant design architecture for programmable PICs.
To demonstrate a proof-of-principle 1x8 photonic switch utilizing this new design.
To enhance modulation response and switching speeds in low-voltage PICs.

Main Methods:

Developed a synchronous micromechanical resonant design architecture.
Integrated piezoelectric optical phase shifters for light control.
Utilized high-frequency mechanical resonances and broadband optical components.
Experimentally tested a 1x8 photonic switch prototype.

Main Results:

Achieved fast switching cycles for all 8 channels, spaced approximately 11 nanoseconds apart.
Demonstrated an average modulation enhancement of 4.6 dB.
The design leverages mechanical quality factor (Qm) for improved modulation response.
Maintained fast switching speeds by exploiting high-frequency resonances.

Conclusions:

The proposed micromechanical resonant design offers a pathway to high-speed, low-voltage programmable PICs.
Future advancements in high Qm micromechanical devices will further enhance PIC performance.
This architecture holds promise for next-generation optical computing and communication systems.