Graphene-Based Composites for Biomedical Applications: Surface Modification for Enhanced Antimicrobial Activity and...

Area of Science:

• Materials Science
• Biomedical Engineering
• Nanotechnology

Background:

• Graphene (GN) and its derivatives possess unique properties making them promising for medical applications.
• Surface modification of GN is crucial for enhancing its functionality and biocompatibility.
• Research focuses on incorporating antimicrobials, metals, polymers, and natural compounds onto GN surfaces.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review recent advancements in graphene composite formulations for biomedical applications.
• To evaluate the antimicrobial, antibiofilm, and biocompatibility properties of modified graphene materials.
• To highlight the potential and challenges of graphene-based materials in medicine.

Main Methods:

• Review of recent scientific literature on graphene composite modifications.
• Analysis of studies focusing on antimicrobial and antibiofilm properties.
• Evaluation of research on the biocompatibility of graphene materials with human tissues.

Main Results:

• Graphene (GN) surface modification with antimicrobial agents (e.g., silver, chitosan) significantly improves antimicrobial performance.
• Composites of GN with non-natural polymers enhance biocompatibility for tissue integration, albeit with reduced antimicrobial activity.
• Modified GN materials demonstrate considerable potential for various biomedical uses.

Conclusions:

• Surface-modified graphene materials offer enhanced antimicrobial and biocompatibility profiles for medical applications.
• Further research on safety, long-term effects, and stability is essential for clinical translation.
• Graphene composites hold significant promise but require continued development for widespread medical adoption.