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Related Concept Videos

Types of RNA01:23

Types of RNA

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Overview
Three main types of RNA are involved in protein synthesis: messenger RNA (mRNA), transfer RNA (tRNA), and ribosomal RNA (rRNA). These RNAs perform diverse functions and can be broadly classified as protein-coding or non-coding RNA. Non-coding RNAs play important roles in the regulation of gene expression in response to developmental and environmental changes. Non-coding RNAs in prokaryotes can be manipulated to develop more effective antibacterial drugs for human or animal use.
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RNA Interference01:23

RNA Interference

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RNA interference (RNAi) is a process in which a small non-coding RNA molecule blocks the post-transcriptional expression of a gene by binding to its messenger RNA (mRNA) and preventing the protein from being translated.
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lncRNA - Long Non-coding RNAs02:39

lncRNA - Long Non-coding RNAs

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In humans, more than 80% of the genome gets transcribed. However, only around 2% of the genome codes for proteins. The remaining part produces non-coding RNAs which includes ribosomal RNAs, transfer RNAs, telomerase RNAs, and regulatory RNAs, among other types. A large number of regulatory non-coding RNAs have been classified into two groups depending upon their length – small non-coding RNAs, such as microRNA, which are less than 200 nucleotides in length, and long non-coding RNA...
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Nucleic Acid Structure01:25

Nucleic Acid Structure

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The pentose sugar in DNA is deoxyribose, while in RNA the pentose sugar is ribose. The difference between the sugars is the presence of the hydroxyl group on the ribose's second carbon and a hydrogen on the deoxyribose's second carbon. The phosphate residue attaches to the hydroxyl group of the 5′ carbon of one sugar and the hydroxyl group of the 3′ carbon of the sugar of the next nucleotide, which forms  a 5′ to 3′ phosphodiester linkage.
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Nucleic Acids02:43

Nucleic Acids

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Nucleic acids are the most important macromolecules for the continuity of life. They carry the cell's genetic blueprint and carry instructions for its functioning.
DNA and RNA
The two main types of nucleic acids are deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and ribonucleic acid (RNA). DNA is the genetic material in all living organisms, ranging from single-celled bacteria to multicellular mammals. It is in the nucleus of eukaryotes and in the organelles, chloroplasts, and mitochondria. In prokaryotes,...
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Nucleic acids02:43

Nucleic acids

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Nucleic acids are the most important macromolecules for the continuity of life. They carry the cell's genetic blueprint and carry instructions for its functioning.
DNA and RNA
The two main types of nucleic acids are deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and ribonucleic acid (RNA). DNA is the genetic material in all living organisms, ranging from single-celled bacteria to multicellular mammals. It is in the nucleus of eukaryotes and in the organelles, chloroplasts, and mitochondria. In prokaryotes,...
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Updated: Jul 10, 2025

Detection of RNA-binding Proteins by In Vitro RNA Pull-down in Adipocyte Culture
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Detection of RNA-binding Proteins by In Vitro RNA Pull-down in Adipocyte Culture

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Non-Coding RNA Performs Its Biological Function by Interacting with Macromolecules.

Yao Li1

  • 1State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China.

International Journal of Molecular Sciences
|November 25, 2023
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The human genome is extensively transcribed into RNA, with over 85% of it producing RNA molecules. However, only a small fraction, less than 2%, codes for proteins, highlighting the vast non-coding regions.

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Area of Science:

  • Genomics
  • Molecular Biology
  • Transcriptomics

Background:

  • The Human Genome Project revealed extensive RNA transcription.
  • Over 85% of the human genome is transcribed into RNA.
  • Protein-coding genes constitute less than 2% of the genome.

Discussion:

  • The majority of the genome produces non-coding RNA.
  • Understanding the function of non-coding RNA is crucial.
  • Implications for gene regulation and disease.

Key Insights:

  • Vast transcriptional output from the human genome.
  • Prevalence of non-coding RNA.
  • Limited protein-coding potential.

Outlook:

  • Further research into non-coding RNA functions.
  • Exploring the role of non-coding RNA in biological processes.
  • Potential therapeutic targets within non-coding regions.