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Novel Polyurethane-Based Systems Modified with Starch and Phase Change Materials for Bone Tissue Regeneration
Klaudia Ordon1, Piotr Szatkowski1, Wojciech Piekarczyk1
1Department of Biomaterials and Composites, Faculty of Materials Science and Ceramics, AGH University of Krakow, Al. Mickiewicza 30, 30-059 Krakow, Poland.
Polymers
|November 25, 2023
Summary
Novel polyurethane materials were developed for bone tissue replacement. Incorporating phase change materials (PCMs) and hydroxyapatite reduced setting temperatures, enhancing their potential as multifunctional bioactive bone cements.
Area of Science:
- Polymer Science
- Biomaterials Engineering
- Materials Science
Background:
- Polyurethane (PU) materials are explored for bone tissue replacement.
- Controlling the exothermic setting reaction of bone cements is crucial for patient safety.
- Bioactive fillers like hydroxyapatite (HAp) enhance bone integration.
Purpose of the Study:
- To synthesize novel polyurethane-based materials for bone tissue replacement.
- To investigate the effect of phase change materials (PCMs) on the setting temperature of PUs.
- To evaluate the potential of these PUs as multifunctional bioactive bone cements.
Main Methods:
- Two-step synthesis of polyurethanes using poly(ε-caprolactone) diol (PCL), 1,3-propanediol/starch (PDO/ST), and 1,6-hexamethylene diisocyanate (HDI).
- Incorporation of poly(ethylene glycol)/starch (PEG/ST) as a form-stable phase change material (PCM).
- Characterization using Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and Scanning Electron Microscopy with Energy Dispersive X-ray (SEM-EDX) analysis.
Main Results:
- FTIR confirmed the successful synthesis of the polyurethane chemical structure.
- SEM-EDX verified the integration of starch and hydroxyapatite within the polyurethane matrix.
- Modification with PEG/starch PCMs reduced the maximum setting temperature of PUs by 6–7.6 °C.
Conclusions:
- The synthesized polyurethanes exhibit good energy storage capabilities due to PCM incorporation.
- The developed materials demonstrate significant potential for creating multifunctional bioactive bone cements.
- Reduced setting temperatures enhance the safety and applicability of these novel bone void fillers.
