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Pillbug: A Toolbox for Feminisation.

Joanne Bertaux1, Maryline Raimond2, Pierre Grève2

  • 1Université de Poitiers, CNRS, EBI, Poitiers, France. joanne.bertaux@univ-poitiers.fr.

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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Wolbachia bacteria can induce feminization in isopods like Armadillidium vulgare. This study details methods for studying this phenomenon, crucial for understanding reproductive biology.

Keywords:
Androgenic HormoneArmadillidium vulgareFeminisationGraftIntersexesTransinfectionWolbachia

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Area of Science:

  • Reproductive Biology
  • Microbial Genetics
  • Invertebrate Zoology

Background:

  • Wolbachia-induced feminization is an extended phenotype observed in isopods, butterflies, and leafhoppers.
  • Sexual differentiation mechanisms vary, with isopods relying on hormonal control and insects on chromosomal determination.
  • Armadillidium vulgare is a key model for studying Wolbachia-mediated feminization due to established research methods.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To establish and maintain Wolbachia-infected laboratory lineages of Armadillidium vulgare.
  • To demonstrate Wolbachia's mode of action by disrupting the Androgenic Hormone pathway via androgenic gland grafting.
  • To develop protocols for investigating the molecular basis of Wolbachia-induced feminization.

Main Methods:

  • Establishment and maintenance of Wolbachia-infected laboratory lineages from field-collected isopods.
  • Grafting of androgenic glands to assess the disruption of the Androgenic Hormone pathway.
  • Transinfection of naive adult isopods with Wolbachia and selection for a ZZ genetic background.

Main Results:

  • Protocols for establishing and maintaining Wolbachia-infected lineages were successfully developed.
  • The disruption of the Androgenic Hormone pathway by Wolbachia was demonstrated.
  • A ZZ genetic background was selected, enabling vertical transmission rate to equal the female ratio.

Conclusions:

  • The described protocols provide a robust framework for molecular investigations into Wolbachia-induced feminization.
  • Understanding this phenomenon in Armadillidium vulgare offers insights into extended phenotypes and host-microbe interactions.
  • These methods facilitate further research into the genetic and hormonal mechanisms underlying sex determination.