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Related Concept Videos

Types of Step-Growth Polymers: Polyesters01:20

Types of Step-Growth Polymers: Polyesters

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The introduction of polyesters has brought major development to the textile industry. The wrinkle-free behavior of polyester blends has eliminated the need for starching and ironing clothes.
Polyesters are commonly prepared from terephthalic acid and ethylene glycol; the crude product is known as poly(ethylene terephthalate) or PET. However, polyesters are synthesized industrially by transesterification of dimethyl terephthalate with ethylene glycol at 150 °C. The two reactants and the...
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Acyclic diene metathesis polymerization or ADMET polymerization involves cross-metathesis of terminal dienes, such as 1,8-nonadiene, to give linear unsaturated polymer and ethylene. As ADMET is a reversible process, the formed ethylene gas must be removed from the reaction mixture to complete the polymerization process.
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Recently, the development of olefin metathesis polymerization advanced the field of polymer synthesis. Simply put, the reorganization of substituents on their double bonds between two olefins in the presence of a catalyst is known as the olefin metathesis reaction. The use of metathesis reaction for polymer synthesis is called olefin metathesis polymerization.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 10, 2025

Microwave-assisted Functionalization of Polyethylene glycol and On-resin Peptides for Use in Chain Polymerizations and Hydrogel Formation
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Enhancing polyethylene terephthalate conversion through efficient microwave-assisted deep eutectic solvent-catalyzed

Geon-Soo Ha1, Md Al Mamunur Rashid2, Jeong-Myeong Ha3

  • 1Clean Energy Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul, 02792, Republic of Korea; Department of Integrative Biotechnology, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea.

Chemosphere
|November 25, 2023
PubMed
Summary

This study introduces an energy-efficient microwave-assisted method for the chemical recycling of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) plastics. The process rapidly depolymerizes PET into valuable monomers, offering a sustainable solution for plastic waste.

Keywords:
Bis(2-hydroxyethyl) terephthalateDeep eutectic solventDensity functional theoryGlycolysisMicrowavePolyethylene terephthalate

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Chemical Engineering
  • Environmental Science

Background:

  • Chemical recycling of plastics, particularly polyethylene terephthalate (PET), is crucial for a circular economy.
  • Current glycolysis methods for PET depolymerization are hindered by long reaction times and high energy demands, limiting industrial application.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop an energy-efficient and rapid method for PET chemical recycling.
  • To enhance the glycolysis process for higher yields and lower energy consumption.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized microwave-assisted heating combined with a deep eutectic solvent catalyst for PET glycolysis.
  • Investigated PET thermal behavior and degradation mechanisms using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and density functional theory (DFT) calculations.

Main Results:

  • Achieved quantitative degradation of PET within 9 minutes, yielding approximately 99% bis(2-hydroxyethyl) terephthalate (BHET).
  • Demonstrated a low specific energy consumption of 45 kJ/g and minimized waste generation.
  • Systematically analyzed PET degradation pathways and thermal properties.

Conclusions:

  • The proposed microwave-assisted deep eutectic solvent-catalyzed glycolysis offers a swift, energy-efficient, and sustainable approach for PET chemical recycling.
  • This method has significant potential to accelerate the industrialization of plastic waste management solutions.