Artificial intelligence in medical imaging is a tool for clinical routine and scientific discovery

The emergence of powerful machine learning methodology together with an increasing amount of data collected during clinical routine have fostered a growing role of artificial intelligence (AI) in medicine. Algorithms have become part of clinical care enhancing image reconstruction, detecting cancer or predicting individual risk to support treatment decisions and patient management. The entry into clinical care is determined by technological feasibility, integration into effective workflows, and immediacy of benefits. At the same time, research is advancing the integration of imaging data and other modalities such as genomics, and the linking of observations made at large scale with the understanding of underlying biological processes. AI will have impact in imaging and precision medicine not only because of the successful application of techniques established in other domains, but primarily because of the effective joint development of new technology and corresponding advance of diagnosis and care.