Pseudocarcinomatous Hyperplasia of the Nose and Necrotic Tracheitis Associated with Acute Myeloid Leukemia
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Updated: Jul 10, 2025

Author Spotlight: Investigating the Key Factors of Obliterative Bronchiolitis After Lung Transplantation
Published on: November 10, 2023
Shigehisa Kajikawa1, Satsuki Murakami2, Akiyoshi Takami2
1Department of Respiratory Medicine and Allergology, Aichi Medical University, Japan.
Abstract:
A 29-year-old woman who had been diagnosed with acute myeloid leukemia presented with persistent grade-4 febrile neutropenia (FN) after initial chemotherapy with idarubicin and cytarabine. Despite intensive treatment, FN persisted. Subsequently, her nose became reddish and swollen, obstructing the nasal cavities. Computed tomography revealed swelling of the nostrils and an irregular tracheal surface. Debridement of the nasal lesion and a bronchoscopic biopsy of the tracheal lesion were also performed. A histopathological examination revealed pseudocarcinomatous hyperplasia (PCH) of the nose and necrotizing tracheitis. Both nasal PCH and necrotizing tracheitis ameliorated when the patient recovered from leukocytopenia.
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