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Noninvasive Sampling of Mucosal Lining Fluid for the Quantification of In Vivo Upper Airway Immune-mediator Levels
Published on: August 7, 2017
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From preschool wheezing to asthma: Environmental determinants
Yuhan Xing1, Agnes Sze-Yin Leung1, Gary Wing-Kin Wong1
1Department of Paediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Special Administrative Region, China.
Summary
Preschool wheezing can lead to asthma, but environmental factors like infections and smoke are key risks. Early microbial exposure may protect children, suggesting immune training as a prevention strategy.
Area of Science:
- Pediatrics
- Immunology
- Environmental Health
Background:
- Preschool wheezing is a heterogeneous condition with varied outcomes.
- Identifying phenotypes aids in predicting asthma risk in young children.
- Environmental factors significantly influence the transition from preschool wheezing to childhood asthma.
Purpose of the Study:
- To explore the role of environmental factors in preschool wheezing.
- To understand how microbial exposures influence asthma development.
- To identify potential prevention strategies for preschool wheezing and asthma.
Main Methods:
- Review of epidemiological and immunological studies.
- Analysis of risk factors such as infections, allergies, and smoke exposure.
- Examination of protective effects of farming/rural environments and microbial exposures.
Main Results:
- Severe respiratory infections, allergic sensitization, and tobacco smoke are significant risk factors.
- Farming/rural environments are associated with asthma protection.
- Early microbial exposures modulate immune responses, potentially preventing wheezing and asthma.
Conclusions:
- Modifiable environmental factors are crucial in preschool wheezing progression.
- Targeted prevention strategies can be developed based on understanding these factors.
- Restoring immune training, especially post-pandemic, may reduce viral-induced wheezing.
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