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Is there any robust evidence showing that SGLT2 inhibitor predisposes to cancer?

Sidar Copur1, Abdullah B Yildiz1, Adrian Covic2

  • 1Department of Medicine, Koc University School of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey.

European Journal of Clinical Investigation
|November 27, 2023
PubMed
Abstract

Insights

Sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT-2) inhibitors show potential anti-cancer effects through various mechanisms. Further research is needed to confirm their preventive and therapeutic roles in cancer treatment.

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Pharmacology
  • Endocrinology

Background:

  • Sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT-2) inhibitors, used for type II diabetes, are being investigated for potential anti-cancer properties.
  • Mechanisms include inhibition of ATP production, AMPK signaling, apoptosis, ferroptosis, and DNA/RNA synthesis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the potential anti-cancer effects of SGLT-2 inhibitors.
  • To explore underlying mechanisms, pre-clinical and clinical data, and future perspectives.

Main Methods:

  • Narrative review of existing literature.
  • Discussion of pre-clinical studies, clinical trials, and epidemiological data.

Main Results:

  • SGLT-2 inhibitors may have anti-proliferative roles, but pre-clinical findings vary.
  • Meta-analyses show no significant increase in overall malignancy, except for empagliflozin and bladder cancer.
  • Potential to reduce cardiotoxicity from chemotherapy and enhance anti-cancer effects.

Conclusions:

  • More large-scale studies are required to validate the preventive and therapeutic potential of SGLT-2 inhibitors in cancer.
  • SGLT-2 inhibitors may offer novel strategies in cancer treatment and management.
Keywords:
SGLT2 inhibitorscanagliflozincancerdapagliflozinempagliflozinurinary bladder cancer

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