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Assessment and Evaluation of the High Risk Neonate: The NICU Network Neurobehavioral Scale
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Assessment and Evaluation of the High Risk Neonate: The NICU Network Neurobehavioral Scale

Published on: August 25, 2014

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Stability of executive function in children born at risk of neonatal hypoglycemia

Darren W T Dai1, Gavin T L Brown2, Nike Franke1

  • 1Liggins Institute, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand.

Child Neuropsychology : a Journal on Normal and Abnormal Development in Childhood and Adolescence
|November 27, 2023
PubMed

Insights

Neonatal hypoglycemia did not predict executive function development in at-risk children. Most children maintained typical executive function, with few showing persistent difficulties across childhood.

Area of Science:

  • Child Development
  • Neuroscience
  • Pediatrics

Background:

  • Executive function is crucial for children's learning and socio-emotional growth.
  • Neonatal hypoglycemia is linked to later executive function challenges.
  • Longitudinal executive function development in at-risk infants is understudied.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To examine executive function stability from early to mid-childhood in infants at risk for neonatal hypoglycemia.
  • To investigate the association between neonatal hypoglycemia and executive function stability.

Main Methods:

  • Prospective cohort study assessing 309 children at ages 2, 4.5, and 9-10 years.
  • Executive function evaluated using performance-based and questionnaire-based measures.
  • Children categorized into four stability groups: persistent typical, intermittent typical, intermittent difficulty, and persistent difficulty.

Main Results:

  • Most children (63-68%) demonstrated stable, typical executive function across all assessment ages.
  • Transient executive function difficulties were observed in 30-36% of children.
  • Persistent executive function difficulties were rare (0.3-1.9%).
  • No consistent association found between neonatal hypoglycemia and executive function stability patterns.

Conclusions:

  • Neonatal hypoglycemia does not appear to predict specific executive function developmental trajectories in at-risk children.
  • The majority of children at risk for neonatal hypoglycemia exhibit stable executive function development.
  • Transient executive function difficulties are more common than persistent issues in this population.

Keywords:
Self-regulationinfantslongitudinal studieslow blood sugar levelneurocognitive development

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