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Related Concept Videos

Types Of Transformers01:16

Types Of Transformers

983
Transformers can provide desired voltages to a circuit by modifying the number of turns in the secondary windings.
If the ratio of the number of turns in the secondary winding to that of the primary winding is greater than one, then the transformer is said to be a step-up transformer. In a step-up transformer, the voltage at the secondary winding is greater than the voltage applied at the primary winding.
However, if this ratio is less than one, the transformer is said to be a step-down...
983
The Ideal Transformer01:26

The Ideal Transformer

399
In single-phase two-winding transformers, two windings are coiled around a magnetic core characterized by cross-sectional area A and magnetic permeability μ. A phasor current i1 enters the left winding while i2 exits the right winding, establishing the fundamental working of the transformer through electromagnetic principles.
Ampere's Law forms the basis of understanding the magnetic field within the transformer. It states that the integral of the magnetic field intensity's...
399
Transformers with Off-Nominal Turns Ratios01:25

Transformers with Off-Nominal Turns Ratios

160
In scenarios involving parallel transformers with disparate ratings, developing per-unit models requires accommodating off-nominal turns ratios. This situation arises when the selected base voltages are not proportional to the transformer’s voltage ratings. Consider a transformer where the rated voltages are related by the term a. If the chosen voltage bases satisfy a relationship involving term b, term c is defined as the ratio of these bases. This ratio is then substituted into the...
160
Transformers in Distribution System01:27

Transformers in Distribution System

103
Transformers in distribution systems can be broadly categorized into distribution substation transformers and other distribution transformers. They are crucial for stepping down high transmission voltages to levels suitable for distribution and end-user applications.
Distribution substation transformers come in various ratings and typically use mineral oil for insulation and cooling. To prevent moisture and air from entering the oil, some transformers use an inert gas like nitrogen to fill the...
103
Equivalent Circuits for Practical Transformers01:28

Equivalent Circuits for Practical Transformers

437
The practical equivalent circuits of single-phase two-winding transformers exhibit significant deviations from their idealized versions due to the inherent properties of winding resistance and finite core permeability. These properties result in real and reactive power losses, affecting the transformer's performance. Understanding these deviations is crucial for designing more efficient transformers.
In a practical transformer, each winding exhibits resistance and leakage reactance. The...
437
Three-Winding Transformers01:19

Three-Winding Transformers

234
Three identical single-phase transformers can be configured to form a three-phase transformer connection, which involves high-voltage and low-voltage windings. The high-voltage windings are denoted by capital letters A-B-C, while the low-voltage windings are labeled with lowercase letters a-b-c, representing their respective phases. This notation helps distinguish between the high and low voltage sides of the transformer.
In the per-unit equivalent circuit of a grounded Y-Y three-phase...
234

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Updated: Jul 10, 2025

A Swin Transformer-Based Model for Thyroid Nodule Detection in Ultrasound Images
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SketchTrans: Disentangled Prototype Learning With Transformer for Sketch-Photo Recognition.

Cuiqun Chen, Mang Ye, Meibin Qi

    IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
    |November 27, 2023
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    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    This study introduces SketchTrans+, a novel transformer model for sketch-photo recognition. It effectively addresses information asymmetry by aligning cross-modal representations, improving matching accuracy.

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    Area of Science:

    • Computer Vision
    • Machine Learning

    Background:

    • Sketch-photo recognition faces information asymmetry due to modality differences.
    • Existing methods like CNNs and GANs have limitations in discriminability and generation noise.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To develop an information-aligned sketch transformer (SketchTrans+) for improved sketch-photo recognition.
    • To address the challenge of information asymmetry between sketch and photo modalities.

    Main Methods:

    • Designed an asymmetric disentanglement scheme with a dynamic auxiliary sketch (A-sketch) to align modality representations.
    • Employed a modality-aware prototype contrastive learning method to mine shared information.
    • Utilized a transformer architecture for discriminative visual modeling.

    Main Results:

    • The proposed SketchTrans+ method demonstrates superior performance on category- and instance-level sketch-based datasets.
    • The asymmetric disentanglement effectively transfers sketch-irrelevant knowledge to compensate for missing sketch information.
    • Modality-aware prototypes enhance the mining of representative modality-sharing information.

    Conclusions:

    • SketchTrans+ offers a novel and effective approach to sketch-photo recognition by tackling information asymmetry.
    • The cross-modal disentangled prototype learning framework significantly improves matching accuracy and discriminability.