Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy: Atomization Methods01:25

Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy: Atomization Methods

527
Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy (AAS) atomizes samples through flame atomization or electrothermal atomization. Flame atomization typically involves a nebulizer and spray chamber assembly to combine the sample with a fuel–oxidant mixture, creating a fine aerosol mist that enters a burner. Typically, the fuel and oxidant are combined in an approximately stoichiometric ratio. However, for atoms that are easily oxidized, a fuel-rich mixture may be more advantageous. Only about 5% of the...
527
Atomic Fluorescence Spectroscopy01:29

Atomic Fluorescence Spectroscopy

392
Atomic fluorescence spectroscopy (AFS) is an analytical technique that involves the electronic transitions of atoms in a flame, furnace, or plasma being excited by electromagnetic (EM) radiation. When these atoms absorb energy, they become excited and subsequently release energy as they return to their original state. This emitted light, or "fluorescence," is observed at a right angle to the incident beam. Both absorption and emission processes transpire at distinct wavelengths, which...
392
Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Overview01:20

Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Overview

2.3K
Atomic emission spectroscopy (AES) is an analytical technique used to determine the elemental composition of a sample by analyzing the light emitted from excited atoms. In AES, atoms in a sample are excited to higher energy levels by thermal energy from high-temperature sources, such as plasma, arcs, or sparks. When these excited atoms return to lower energy states, they emit light at specific wavelengths characteristic of each element. The resulting atomic emission spectrum, which consists of...
2.3K
Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy: Lab01:21

Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy: Lab

457
For AAS measurements, samples must be introduced as clear solutions, often requiring extensive preliminary treatment to dissolve materials like soils, animal tissues, and minerals. Common methods for sample preparation include treatment with hot mineral acids, wet ashing, combustion in closed containers, high-temperature ashing, or fusion with reagents.
 Solutions containing organic solvents, such as low-molecular-mass alcohols, esters, or ketones, enhance absorbances by increasing...
457
Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy: Overview01:27

Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy: Overview

2.2K
Atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS) is a technique used to analyze elements by measuring electromagnetic radiation (EMR) absorbed by atoms, which causes them to transition to a higher-energy orbit. The most crucial step in AAS is atomization, where the analyte is converted into gas-phase atoms, typically through a flame or furnace. Some of these atoms become thermally excited in the flame, while most remain in the ground state.
When irradiated by EMR of a particular wavelength, these...
2.2K
Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy: Instrumentation01:22

Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy: Instrumentation

747
An atomic absorption spectrophotometer (AAS) comprises several components: a radiation source, an atomizer, a monochromator, and a detector. The radiation source can be a hollow-cathode lamp (HCL) or an electrodeless-discharge lamp (EDL), both of which provide a narrow emission line of the required wavelength. However, some instruments use continuum sources and high-resolution monochromators to achieve a narrow range of radiation.
The atomizer used in AAS can be either a flame atomizer or an...
747

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

All-optical logic gates for extreme ultraviolet switching via attosecond four-wave mixing.

Optics express·2026
Same author

Open-source simulation program for extreme ultraviolet and soft x-ray sources based on high-harmonic generation.

Optics express·2025
Same author

Tracing Long-Lived Atomic Coherences Generated via Molecular Conical Intersections.

Physical review letters·2025
Same author

Different Rise Times of Atomic Br M<sub>4,5</sub> 3d<sub>3/2,5/2</sub> Core Level Absorptions during Br<sub>2</sub> C <sup>1</sup>Π<sub>u</sub> 1<sub>u</sub> State Dissociation via Extreme Ultraviolet Transient Absorption Spectroscopy.

The journal of physical chemistry. A·2025
Same author

Probing autoionization decay lifetimes of the 4d-16â„“ core-excited states in xenon using attosecond noncollinear four-wave-mixing spectroscopy.

The Journal of chemical physics·2025
Same author

Attosecond Optical Orientation.

Physical review letters·2025
Same journal

Coadsorption of Atmospheric Surface-Active Organics at the Aqueous Interface: A Molecular Dynamics Study.

Annual review of physical chemistry·2026
Same journal

Control of Chemical Reactions in Radiofrequency Ion Traps.

Annual review of physical chemistry·2026
Same journal

Theories of Chiral-Induced Spin Selectivity: A Pedagogical Overview.

Annual review of physical chemistry·2026
Same journal

Quantum Computing Beyond Ground-State Electronic Structure: A Review of Progress Toward Quantum Chemistry Out of the Ground State.

Annual review of physical chemistry·2026
Same journal

First-Principles Simulations of Chemical Transformations in Nanoporous Materials and Industrial Catalysts.

Annual review of physical chemistry·2026
Same journal

Structure and Dynamics of Microhydrated Complexes Revealed with Rotational Spectroscopy.

Annual review of physical chemistry·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 9, 2025

All-electronic Nanosecond-resolved Scanning Tunneling Microscopy: Facilitating the Investigation of Single Dopant Charge Dynamics
11:33

All-electronic Nanosecond-resolved Scanning Tunneling Microscopy: Facilitating the Investigation of Single Dopant Charge Dynamics

Published on: January 19, 2018

9.7K

Reinvented: An Attosecond Chemist.

Stephen R Leone1

  • 1Departments of Chemistry and Physics and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, California, USA;

Annual Review of Physical Chemistry
|November 27, 2023
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Establishing attosecond science necessitates rethinking experimental methods and laboratory infrastructure. This involves acquiring new equipment, training personnel, and securing funding for ultra-fast measurements.

Keywords:
X-rayattosecondautobiographychemical dynamicshigh harmonic generationlaserultrafast

More Related Videos

Measurement of Ultrafast Vibrational Coherences in Polyatomic Radical Cations with Strong-Field Adiabatic Ionization
08:22

Measurement of Ultrafast Vibrational Coherences in Polyatomic Radical Cations with Strong-Field Adiabatic Ionization

Published on: August 6, 2018

6.9K
Millifluidics for Chemical Synthesis and Time-resolved Mechanistic Studies
12:55

Millifluidics for Chemical Synthesis and Time-resolved Mechanistic Studies

Published on: November 27, 2013

11.2K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 9, 2025

All-electronic Nanosecond-resolved Scanning Tunneling Microscopy: Facilitating the Investigation of Single Dopant Charge Dynamics
11:33

All-electronic Nanosecond-resolved Scanning Tunneling Microscopy: Facilitating the Investigation of Single Dopant Charge Dynamics

Published on: January 19, 2018

9.7K
Measurement of Ultrafast Vibrational Coherences in Polyatomic Radical Cations with Strong-Field Adiabatic Ionization
08:22

Measurement of Ultrafast Vibrational Coherences in Polyatomic Radical Cations with Strong-Field Adiabatic Ionization

Published on: August 6, 2018

6.9K
Millifluidics for Chemical Synthesis and Time-resolved Mechanistic Studies
12:55

Millifluidics for Chemical Synthesis and Time-resolved Mechanistic Studies

Published on: November 27, 2013

11.2K

Area of Science:

  • Physics
  • Chemistry
  • Materials Science

Background:

  • Attosecond science involves measurements on extremely short timescales.
  • Developing attosecond science requires significant advancements in technology and infrastructure.
  • The field necessitates a reevaluation of experimental approaches and laboratory setups.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To outline the challenges and requirements for establishing attosecond science laboratories.
  • To discuss the personal and professional rejuvenation needed to pursue attosecond science.
  • To explore the implications of attosecond science and X-ray spectroscopy.

Main Methods:

  • Autobiographical reflection on the process of building attosecond science capabilities.
  • Discussion of equipment acquisition, technological development, and personnel training.
  • Exploration of funding strategies and laboratory construction for ultra-fast science.

Main Results:

  • Attosecond science demands a holistic approach, integrating equipment, personnel, and funding.
  • The development of X-ray spectroscopy complements ultra-short timescale measurements.
  • Personal and institutional adaptation is crucial for advancing the field.

Conclusions:

  • Lessons learned from establishing attosecond science can guide others in scientific reinvention.
  • The field requires a multidisciplinary effort and significant investment.
  • Advancements in attosecond science open new frontiers in understanding ultra-fast phenomena.