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High Risk of New HPV Infection Acquisition Among Unvaccinated Young Men

Anna R Giuliano1, Joel M Palefsky2, Stephen E Goldstone3

  • 1Center for Immunization and Infection Research in Cancer, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida, USA.

The Journal of Infectious Diseases
|November 28, 2023
PubMed
Abstract

Insights

International data on anogenital human papillomavirus (HPV) infections in men is limited. This study found that unvaccinated young men, particularly men who have sex with men (MSM), have a substantial incidence of persistent HPV infections, supporting gender-neutral vaccination.

Area of Science:

  • Epidemiology
  • Virology
  • Public Health

Background:

  • International data on anogenital human papillomavirus (HPV) infection incidence in men is scarce.
  • Understanding HPV epidemiology in men is crucial for public health strategies.
  • Anogenital HPV infections can lead to various health issues in men.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the incidence of incident-persistent (IP) anogenital HPV infections in heterosexual men (HM) and men who have sex with men (MSM).
  • To assess the incidence of infections caused by 4-valent (4v) and 9-valent (9v) HPV vaccine types.
  • To determine the cumulative incidence of IP HPV infections over 36 months in young men.

Main Methods:

  • A global, multicenter 4-valent (4v) HPV vaccine trial placebo arm was utilized.
  • 295 men who have sex with men (MSM) and 1576 heterosexual men (HM) aged 16-27 years were included.
  • Incidence of IP anogenital HPV infections at penile/scrotal, perineal/perianal, and anal sites was estimated for 4vHPV and 9vHPV types.

Main Results:

  • Among heterosexual men (HM), the incidence per 100 person-years for 9vHPV types was 6.8 at penile/scrotal and 1.9 at perineal/perianal sites.
  • Among men who have sex with men (MSM), the incidence per 100 person-years for 9vHPV types was 3.2 at penile/scrotal, 9.0 at perineal/perianal, and 16.8 at anal sites.
  • Cumulative IP incidence over 36 months (any 9vHPV type) was higher in MSM (24.1%) compared to HM (18.4%).

Conclusions:

  • A significant proportion of unvaccinated young men developed persistent 9-valent HPV infections.
  • Gender-neutral HPV vaccination could reduce HPV infections in men.
  • Widespread vaccination can contribute to herd protection and decrease the overall disease burden associated with HPV.
Keywords:
HPV infectionHPV vaccineshuman papillomavirus

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