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Oligosaccharide Assembly

Oligosaccharide Assembly

Protein glycosylation starts in the ER lumen and continues in the Golgi apparatus. Glycosyltransferases catalyze the addition of sugar molecules or glycosylation of proteins. Usually, these enzymes add sugars to the hydroxyl groups of selected serine or threonine residues to form O-linked glycans or the amino groups of asparagine residues to form N-linked glycans. Different positions on the same polypeptide chain can contain differently linked glycans.
Multiple sugar molecules that may or may...

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Updated: Jul 9, 2025

Techniques for the Evolution of Robust Pentose-fermenting Yeast for Bioconversion of Lignocellulose to Ethanol

Techniques for the Evolution of Robust Pentose-fermenting Yeast for Bioconversion of Lignocellulose to Ethanol

Published on: October 24, 2016

[Multicellular coupling fermentation for 3'-sialyllactose conversion using N-acetyl-glucosamine and lactose].

Wen Zhou¹, Xing You¹, Hongtao Zhang¹

¹Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, Jiangsu, China.

Sheng Wu Gong Cheng Xue Bao = Chinese Journal of Biotechnology

|November 28, 2023

Summary

This study presents a novel two-step fermentation process for producing sialyllactose (SL), an important component of human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs). The method efficiently synthesizes N-acetylneuraminic acid and subsequently 3'-sialyllactose (3'-SL), offering a cost-effective production route.

Keywords:

3'-sialyllactose N-acetyl-glucosamine coupled fermentation human milk oligosaccharides two-step synthesis

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Area of Science:

Biotechnology
Microbial Engineering
Carbohydrate Chemistry

Context:

Sialyllactose (SL), a key component of human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs), is crucial for infant development.
Current production methods for SL lack efficiency and affordability.
A significant gap exists in the industrial-scale synthesis of functional HMOs like SL.

Purpose:

To develop an efficient and economical multi-strain fermentation process for sialyllactose production.
To optimize the synthesis of N-acetylneuraminic acid and 3 '-sialyllactose (3 '-SL) using engineered microbial strains.
To establish a viable alternative technical route for the large-scale production of 3 '-SL.

Summary:

A two-step fermentation process was engineered using multiple microbial strains, including engineered *E. coli* and Baker's yeast.
The first step achieved a maximum N-acetylneuraminic acid yield of 20.4 g/L using two engineered *E. coli* strains.
The second step produced 3 '-SL with a maximum yield of 55.04 g/L and a 43.47% conversion rate from N-acetyl-glucosamine under optimized conditions.

Impact:

This research offers a promising and economical method for the industrial production of 3 '-sialyllactose.
The developed process could enhance the availability of functional ingredients for infant nutrition and potentially other applications.
Provides a scalable biotechnological solution for synthesizing complex oligosaccharides.