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Which factors affect phenoconversion in isolated rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder?
Ahmet Evlice1, Fahreddin Över1, Mehmet Balal1
1Çukurova University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Neurology, Adana, Turkey.
Sleep Medicine
|November 28, 2023
Summary
Isolated REM sleep behavior disorder (IRBD) patients have a 27.27% risk of developing neurodegenerative diseases (NDD) within ten years. Diabetes mellitus significantly increases this phenoconversion risk nearly fivefold.
Area of Science:
- Neurology
- Sleep Medicine
- Neurodegenerative Diseases
Background:
- Isolated REM sleep behavior disorder (IRBD) is characterized by the loss of normal REM sleep atonia.
- Patients with IRBD face a substantial risk of developing synuclein-related neurodegenerative diseases (NDD).
- Few predictors of phenoconversion from IRBD to NDD have been identified.
Purpose of the Study:
- To determine the rate of phenoconversion from IRBD to NDD over ten years.
- To identify risk factors associated with phenoconversion in IRBD patients.
Main Methods:
- A retrospective study design was employed.
- Data from the first visit of IRBD patients were compared between those who developed NDD and those who did not.
- Statistical analysis included logistic regression to calculate phenoconversion risk.
Main Results:
- After ten years, 27.27% of IRBD patients developed NDD.
- Diabetes mellitus (DM) frequency and duration were significantly higher in the NDD group.
- Higher chest and hip circumferences were also observed in the NDD group.
- Logistic regression identified DM frequency as a significant predictor of phenoconversion (odds ratio: 4.909).
Conclusions:
- The phenoconversion rate from IRBD to NDD over ten years is 27.27%.
- Diabetes mellitus is a significant risk factor, increasing phenoconversion risk by nearly five times.
- Early identification and management of comorbidities like DM in IRBD patients may be crucial for predicting NDD development.
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