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Related Experiment Videos

Platelet antithrombin defect in malignancy: platelet protein alterations.

E M Sloand, D M Kenney, F C Chao

    Blood
    |February 1, 1987
    PubMed
    Summary

    Platelets from cancer patients with abnormal antithrombin activity show reduced levels of key glycoproteins, GPIb and thrombospondin. These findings link platelet dysfunction to malignant disease, impacting clotting mechanisms.

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    Area of Science:

    • Hematology
    • Oncology
    • Biochemistry

    Background:

    • Platelet function is crucial in hemostasis and can be altered in patients with malignant diseases.
    • The platelet antithrombin test (PAT) can identify abnormalities in platelet function related to coagulation.
    • Specific platelet glycoproteins play vital roles in platelet adhesion and aggregation.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate alterations in platelet polypeptide and glycoprotein composition in patients with malignant disease and abnormal PAT results.
    • To identify specific platelet proteins affected in a subpopulation of cancer patients with decreased antithrombin activity.

    Main Methods:

    • Sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS)-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis was used to analyze platelet polypeptide composition.
    • Tritium labeling and two-dimensional electrophoresis were employed to study platelet surface glycoproteins.

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  • Immunoblotting with anti-human platelet glycocalicin antiserum and ristocetin-induced platelet agglutination assays were performed.

    • Main Results:

    • A polypeptide of 180,000 apparent mol wt, identified as thrombospondin, was decreased or absent in platelets from patients with abnormal PAT.
    • A glycoprotein of 140,000 apparent mol wt (GPIb) was decreased in all patients with abnormal PAT.
    • Patients with abnormal PAT exhibited significantly reduced ristocetin-induced platelet agglutination compared to those with normal PAT.

    Conclusions:

    • Platelets from a subpopulation of tumor patients with decreased antithrombin activity show alterations in GPIb and thrombospondin.
    • These glycoprotein changes may contribute to the observed hemostatic abnormalities in cancer patients.
    • The study identifies specific molecular defects in platelets associated with malignant disease.