Related Experiment Video

Updated: Aug 6, 2026

Demonstration of Equal-Intensity Beam Generation by Dielectric Metasurfaces
09:33

Demonstration of Equal-Intensity Beam Generation by Dielectric Metasurfaces

Published on: June 7, 2019

6.3K

Hybrid silicon-organic Huygens' metasurface for phase modulation

Sydney Mason, Ileana-Cristina Benea-Chelmus

    Optics Express
    |November 29, 2023
    PubMed

    More Related Videos

    Shaping the Amplitude and Phase of Laser Beams by Using a Phase-only Spatial Light Modulator08:39

    Shaping the Amplitude and Phase of Laser Beams by Using a Phase-only Spatial Light Modulator

    Published on: January 28, 2019

    9.8K
    Demonstration of Spin-Multiplexed and Direction-Multiplexed All-Dielectric Visible Metaholograms08:48

    Demonstration of Spin-Multiplexed and Direction-Multiplexed All-Dielectric Visible Metaholograms

    Published on: September 25, 2020

    5.8K

    Related Concept Videos

    Hybridization of Atomic Orbitals I03:24

    Hybridization of Atomic Orbitals I

    The mathematical expression known as the wave function, ψ, contains information about each orbital and the wavelike properties of electrons in an isolated atom. When atoms are bound together in a molecule, the wave functions combine to produce new mathematical descriptions that have different shapes. This process of combining the wave functions for atomic orbitals is called hybridization and is mathematically accomplished by the linear combination of atomic orbitals. The new orbitals that...
    ¹H NMR: Complex Splitting01:13

    ¹H NMR: Complex Splitting

    A proton M that is coupled to a proton X results in doublet signals for M. However, NMR-active nuclei can be simultaneously coupled to more than one nonequivalent nucleus. When M is coupled to a second proton A, such as in styrene oxide, each peak in the doublet is split into another doublet.
    Splitting diagrams or splitting tree diagrams are routinely used to depict such complex couplings. While drawing splitting diagrams, the splitting with the larger coupling constant is usually applied first.
    Spin–Spin Coupling Constant: Overview01:08

    Spin–Spin Coupling Constant: Overview

    In bromoethane, the three methyl protons are coupled to the two methylene protons that are three bonds away. In accordance with the n+1 rule, the signal from the methyl protons is split into three peaks with 1:2:1 relative intensities. The methylene protons appear as a quartet, with the relative intensities of 1:3:3:1.
    Qualitatively, any spin plus-half nucleus polarizes the spins of its electrons to the minus-half state. Consequently, the paired electron in the hydrogen–carbon bond must have a...
    Spin–Spin Coupling: Three-Bond Coupling (Vicinal Coupling)01:22

    Spin–Spin Coupling: Three-Bond Coupling (Vicinal Coupling)

    Vicinal or three-bond coupling is commonly observed between protons attached to adjacent carbons. Here, nuclear spin information is primarily transferred via electron spin interactions between adjacent C‑H bond orbitals. This generally favors the antiparallel arrangement of spins, so 3J values are usually positive.
    The extent of coupling depends on the C‑C bond length, the two H‑C‑C angles, any electron-withdrawing substituents, and the dihedral angle between the involved orbitals. The...
    Chemical Shift: Internal References and Solvent Effects01:17

    Chemical Shift: Internal References and Solvent Effects

    In an NMR sample, precise measurement of the absolute absorption frequencies of nuclei is difficult. A standard internal reference compound is added, and the frequency difference between the reference signal and sample signals is measured.
    The internal reference compound generally used in NMR spectroscopy is tetramethylsilane (TMS). TMS is preferred because it is chemically inert, soluble in NMR solvents, and easily removable. Also, the highly shielded methyl protons in TMS yield an intense...
    Double Resonance Techniques: Overview01:12

    Double Resonance Techniques: Overview

    Double resonance techniques in Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) spectroscopy involve the simultaneous application of two different frequencies or radiofrequency pulses to manipulate and observe two distinct nuclear spins. One important application of double resonance is spin decoupling, which selectively suppresses coupling with one type of nucleus while observing the NMR signal from another nucleus, simplifying the spectrum and enhancing resolution.
    Spin decoupling is usually achieved by...