Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 9, 2025

Construction and Characterization of External Cavity Diode Lasers for Atomic Physics
09:10

Construction and Characterization of External Cavity Diode Lasers for Atomic Physics

Published on: April 24, 2014

27.7K

Intensity coupling characteristics of dual-longitudinal mode ring lasers with Ne dual-isotope

Jianning Liu, Lanpeng Guo, Jun Weng

    Optics Express
    |November 29, 2023
    PubMed

    More Related Videos

    Measurement of Quantum Interference in a Silicon Ring Resonator Photon Source12:19

    Measurement of Quantum Interference in a Silicon Ring Resonator Photon Source

    Published on: April 4, 2017

    8.4K
    Automation of Mode Locking in a Nonlinear Polarization Rotation Fiber Laser through Output Polarization Measurements14:18

    Automation of Mode Locking in a Nonlinear Polarization Rotation Fiber Laser through Output Polarization Measurements

    Published on: February 28, 2016

    11.4K

    Related Concept Videos

    Double Resonance Techniques: Overview01:12

    Double Resonance Techniques: Overview

    Double resonance techniques in Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) spectroscopy involve the simultaneous application of two different frequencies or radiofrequency pulses to manipulate and observe two distinct nuclear spins. One important application of double resonance is spin decoupling, which selectively suppresses coupling with one type of nucleus while observing the NMR signal from another nucleus, simplifying the spectrum and enhancing resolution.
    Spin decoupling is usually achieved by...
    214
    ¹H NMR: Long-Range Coupling01:27

    ¹H NMR: Long-Range Coupling

    The coupling interactions of nuclei across four or more bonds are usually weak, with J values less than 1 Hz. While these are usually not observed in spectra, the presence of multiple bonds along the coupling pathway can result in observable long-range coupling.
    In alkenes, spin information is communicated via σ–π overlap, as seen in allylic (four-bond) and homoallylic (five-bond) couplings. These coupling interactions are stronger when the σ bond is parallel to the alkene...
    1.8K
    Spin–Spin Coupling: Two-Bond Coupling (Geminal Coupling)01:20

    Spin–Spin Coupling: Two-Bond Coupling (Geminal Coupling)

    Two NMR-active nuclei bonded to a central atom can be involved in geminal or two-bond coupling. Geminal coupling is commonly seen between diastereotopic protons in chiral molecules and unsymmetrical alkenes, among others.
    The central atom need not be NMR-active because its electrons are affected by the electron polarization of the spin-active atoms. However, spin information is transmitted less effectively than in one-bond coupling, and 2J values are usually weaker than 1J values. The energy of...
    1.0K
    ¹H NMR Signal Multiplicity: Splitting Patterns01:13

    ¹H NMR Signal Multiplicity: Splitting Patterns

    When protons A and X are coupled, their nuclear spin energy levels are slightly modified. This is because the energy required to excite proton A to a spin state parallel to proton X is slightly different from the energy required for it to become anti-parallel to spin X. Consequently, there are two possible excitation frequencies for A (A1 and A2), depending on the spin state of X, and vice versa. The mutual nature of coupling implies that the difference between frequencies A1 and A2, indicated...
    5.2K
    NMR Spectroscopy: Spin–Spin Coupling01:08

    NMR Spectroscopy: Spin–Spin Coupling

    The spin state of an NMR-active nucleus can have a slight effect on its immediate electronic environment. This effect propagates through the intervening bonds and affects the electronic environments of NMR-active nuclei up to three bonds away; occasionally, even farther. This phenomenon is called spin–spin coupling or J-coupling. Coupling interactions are mutual and result in small changes in the absorption frequencies of both nuclei involved. While nuclei of the same element are involved...
    1.4K
    ¹H NMR: Interpreting Distorted and Overlapping Signals01:02

    ¹H NMR: Interpreting Distorted and Overlapping Signals

    Spin systems where the difference in chemical shifts of the coupled nuclei is greater than ten times J are called first-order spin systems. These nuclei are weakly coupled, and their chemical shifts and coupling constant can generally be estimated from the well-separated signals in the spectrum.
    As Δν decreases and the signals move closer, the doublets appear increasingly distorted. The intensities of the inner lines increase at the cost of those of the outer lines as the signals are...
    1.0K